Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials.
@article{Schulz1995EmpiricalEO, title={Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials.}, author={K. Schulz and I. Chalmers and R. Hayes and D. Altman}, journal={JAMA}, year={1995}, volume={273 5}, pages={ 408-12 } }
OBJECTIVE
To determine if inadequate approaches to randomized controlled trial design and execution are associated with evidence of bias in estimating treatment effects.
DESIGN
An observational study in which we assessed the methodological quality of 250 controlled trials from 33 meta-analyses and then analyzed, using multiple logistic regression models, the associations between those assessments and estimated treatment effects.
DATA SOURCES
Meta-analyses from the Cochrane Pregnancy and… CONTINUE READING
Paper Mentions
News Article
News Article
News Article
News Article
5,759 Citations
Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study
- Medicine
- BMJ : British Medical Journal
- 2008
- 1,924
- PDF
Influence of reported study design characteristics on intervention effect estimates from randomised controlled trials: combined analysis of meta-epidemiological studies.
- Medicine
- Health technology assessment
- 2012
- 450
- PDF
Association Between Risk-of-Bias Assessments and Results of Randomized Trials in Cochrane Reviews: The ROBES Meta-Epidemiologic Study
- Medicine
- American journal of epidemiology
- 2018
- 111
- PDF
Influence of Reported Study Design Characteristics on Intervention Effect Estimates From Randomized, Controlled Trials
- Medicine
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- 2012
- 739
Impact of Selection Bias on Treatment Effect Size Estimates in Randomized Trials of Oral Health Interventions: A Meta-epidemiological Study
- Medicine
- Journal of dental research
- 2018
- 10
Impact of blinding on estimated treatment effects in randomised clinical trials: meta-epidemiological study
- Medicine
- BMJ
- 2020
- 25
- PDF
Impact of allocation concealment on conclusions drawn from meta-analyses of randomized trials.
- Medicine
- International journal of epidemiology
- 2007
- 389
- PDF
The importance of allocation concealment and patient blinding in osteoarthritis trials: a meta-epidemiologic study.
- Medicine
- Arthritis and rheumatism
- 2009
- 95
Estimation and adjustment of bias in randomized evidence by using mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis
- Mathematics, Psychology
- 2010
- 65
The effect of bias on the magnitude of clinical outcomes in periodontology: a pilot study.
- Medicine
- Journal of clinical periodontology
- 2008
- 22
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 25 REFERENCES
Assessing the quality of randomization from reports of controlled trials published in obstetrics and gynecology journals.
- Medicine
- JAMA
- 1994
- 470
A proposal for structured reporting of randomized controlled trials. The Standards of Reporting Trials Group.
- Medicine
- JAMA
- 1994
- 279
- PDF
Incorporating variations in the quality of individual randomized trials into meta-analysis.
- Medicine
- Journal of clinical epidemiology
- 1992
- 590
Bias in treatment assignment in controlled clinical trials.
- Medicine
- The New England journal of medicine
- 1983
- 620
An empirical study of the possible relation of treatment differences to quality scores in controlled randomized clinical trials.
- Medicine
- Controlled clinical trials
- 1990
- 254
A quality assessment of randomized control trials of primary treatment of breast cancer.
- Medicine
- Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
- 1986
- 190
How study design affects outcomes in comparisons of therapy. I: Medical.
- Medicine
- Statistics in medicine
- 1989
- 493
- PDF
Randomized versus historical controls for clinical trials.
- Medicine
- The American journal of medicine
- 1982
- 740
- PDF