Elevation of mitochondrial glutathione by γ‐glutamylcysteine ethyl ester protects mitochondria against peroxynitrite‐induced oxidative stress

@article{Drake2003ElevationOM,
  title={Elevation of mitochondrial glutathione by $\gamma$‐glutamylcysteine ethyl ester protects mitochondria against peroxynitrite‐induced oxidative stress},
  author={Jennifer Drake and Rukhsana Sultana and Marina V. Aksenova and Vittorio Calabrese and David Allan Butterfield},
  journal={Journal of Neuroscience Research},
  year={2003},
  volume={74}
}
Mitochondria under oxidative stress are thought to play a key role in various neurodegenerative disorders by directing neurons to cell death. Protection by antioxidants against oxidative stress to mitochondria may prove to be beneficial in delaying onset or progression of these diseases. We have investigated the ability of γ‐glutamylcysteine ethyl ester (GCEE) to upregulate mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) in vivo or in vitro and protect against subsequent in vitro peroxynitrite (ONOO−) damage… 
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Original Contribution In vivo protection of synaptosomes from oxidative stress mediated by Fe 2+ /H 2 O 2 or 2,2-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride by the glutathione mimetic tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate
TLDR
The hypothesis that D609 would provide neuroprotection against free radical oxidative stress in vivo was tested and significant reduction in reactive oxygen species, levels of protein carbonyl, protein-bound hydroxynonenal, and 3-nitrotyrosine were reduced.
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