Electrons in artificial atoms
@article{Ashoori1996ElectronsIA,
title={Electrons in artificial atoms},
author={Raymond C. Ashoori},
journal={Nature},
year={1996},
volume={379},
pages={413-419}
}Progress in semiconductor technology has enabled the fabrication of structures so small that they can contain just one mobile electron. By varying controllably the number of electrons in these 'artificial atoms' and measuring the energy required to add successive electrons, one can conduct atomic physics experiments in a regime that is inaccessible to experiments on real atoms.
799 Citations
Artificial atoms based on correlated materials
- PhysicsReports on progress in physics. Physical Society
- 2016
An overview of the fundamental properties of low-dimensional electron systems fabricated from quantum matter is given and the concept of artificial atoms fabricated from Quantum materials is considered, anticipating remarkable scientific advances and possibly important applications of this new field of research.
The single electron transistor and artificial atoms
- PhysicsAnnalen der Physik
- 2000
Modern techniques of lithography make it possible to confine electrons to sufficiently small dimensions that the quantization of both their charge and their energy are easily observable. When such…
Artificial Atoms: New Boxes for Electrons
- Physics, ChemistryScience
- 1997
Just as atoms are natural boxes that contain electrons, quantum dots--small structures in which electrons can be trapped--can be studied as artificial atoms. In his Perspective, McEuen discusses…
Reconfigurable Quantum-Dot Molecules Created by Atom Manipulation.
- Physics, ChemistryPhysical review letters
- 2015
Quantum-dot molecules were constructed on a semiconductor surface using atom manipulation by scanning tunneling microscopy by exploiting tunnel barriers created reversibly using the STM tip to create a series of reconfigurable quantum- dot molecules with atomic precision.
Controlling spin phases of few electrons in artificial molecules by magnetic fields
- Chemistry
- 2006
We investigate the phase diagram of realistic vertically coupled quantum dots under a magnetic field of arbitrary strength and direction. The ground state wave function of four electrons is…
Formation of Wigner molecules in small quantum dots
- Physics
- 2000
It was recently argued that in small quantum dots the electrons could crystallize at much higher densities than in the infinite two-dimensional electron gas. We compare predictions that the onset of…
Collective Properties of Electrons and Holes in Coupled Quantum Dots
- Physics
- 2005
We discuss the properties of few electrons and electron-hole pairs confined in coupled semiconductor quantum dots, with emphasis on correlation effects and the role of tunneling. We discuss, in…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 53 REFERENCES
Single-electron capacitance spectroscopy of few-electron artificial atoms in a magnetic field: Theory and experiment.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1993
The evidence for magnetic field induced spin and angular momentum transitions in the strongly interacting artificial atom is presented.
Exchange Effects in an Artificial Atom at High Magnetic Fields.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1995
In the spin polarized regime, a new phase is observed also predicted by Hartree-Fock theory, where a divergent spin susceptibility at B is suggested, implying a ground state of minimum total spin just below B.
Transport spectroscopy of a confined electron system under a gate tip.
- PhysicsPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
- 1992
Conductance resonances measured for split-gate structures around threshold are interpreted in terms of single-electron tunneling through a quantum dot beneath the tip of the gate finger, consistent with a minimal number of seven electrons in the quantum dot.
Single-electron capacitance spectroscopy of discrete quantum levels.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1992
The capacitance signal resulting from single electrons tunneling into discrete quantum levels is observed and the nature of the bound states is deduced from the magnetic field evolution of the spectrum.
Fabrication technique for Si single-electron transistor operating at room temperature
- Physics
- 1995
A Si single electron transistor (SET) was fabricated by converting a one-dimensional Si wire on a SIMOX substrate into a small Si island with a tunnelling barrier at each end by means of…
Quantum dots in a magnetic field: Role of electron-electron interactions.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1990
The eigenstates of electrons interacting in quantum dots in a magnetic field are studied and their effects on the magnetic-field dependence of the energy spectrum are illustrated with the calculations of the electronic heat capacity.
Single-electron charging and periodic conductance resonances in GaAs nanostructures.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1990
Narrow channels interrupted by two controlled potential barriers and having a tunable electron density were made in GaAs, and their conductance was measured at low temperatures. Reproducible and…
Correlated few-electron states in vertical double-quantum-dot systems.
- PhysicsPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
- 1995
The combined effect of a high magnetic field, electrostatic confinement, and inter-dot coupling, induces a new class of few-electron ground states absent in single quantum dots.