• Corpus ID: 256105802

Efficient optimization of a regional water elevation model with an automatically generated adjoint

@inproceedings{Karna2022EfficientOO,
  title={Efficient optimization of a regional water elevation model with an automatically generated adjoint},
  author={Tuomas Karna and Joseph G. Wallwork and Stephan C. Kramer},
  year={2022}
}

• Tuomas Karna, Joseph G. Wallwork, S. Kramer
• Published 3 May 2022
• Computer Science

Calibration of unknown model parameters is a necessary task in most ocean model applications. We present an adjoint-based optimization of an unstructured mesh shallow water model for the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. Spatially varying bottom friction parameter is tuned to minimize the misfit with respect to tide gauge sea surface height (SSH) observations. A key benefit of adjoint-based optimization is that computational cost does not depend on the number of unknown variables. Adjoint models are, however, typically very laborious to implement. In this work, we leverage a domain specific language framework in which the discrete adjoint model can be obtained automatically. The adjoint model is both exactly compatible with the discrete forward model and computationally efficient. A gradient-based quasi-Newton method is used to minimize the misfit. Optimizing spatially-variable parameters is typically an under-determined problem and can lead to over-fitting. We employ Hessian-based regularization to penalize the spatial curvature of the friction field to overcome this problem. The SSH dynamics in the North Sea and Baltic Sea are simulated for a 3-month period. Optimization of the bottom friction parameter results in significant improvement of the model performance. The results are especially encour-aging in the complex Danish Straits region, highlighting the benefit of unstructured meshes. Domain specific language frameworks enable automated model analysis and provide easy access to adjoint modeling. Our application shows that this capability can be enabled with few efforts, and the optimization procedure is robust and computationally efficient.