Effects of topical ocular application of 1% trifluridine ophthalmic solution in dogs with experimentally induced recurrent ocular canine herpesvirus-1 infection.

@article{Spertus2016EffectsOT,
  title={Effects of topical ocular application of 1\% trifluridine ophthalmic solution in dogs with experimentally induced recurrent ocular canine herpesvirus-1 infection.},
  author={Chloe B Spertus and Hussni O Mohammed and Eric C. Ledbetter},
  journal={American journal of veterinary research},
  year={2016},
  volume={77 10},
  pages={
          1140-7
        }
}
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of topical ocular application of 1% trifluridine ophthalmic solution in dogs with experimentally induced recurrent ocular canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) infection. ANIMALS 10 specific pathogen-free Beagles. PROCEDURES 12 months prior to the beginning of the randomized, masked, placebo-controlled 30-day trial, latent ocular CHV-1 infection was experimentally induced in each dog by topical ocular inoculation of both eyes with a field strain of CHV-1. Recurrent… 
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4 Citations
Background Citations
2
Methods Citations
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4 Citations

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Cidofovir warrants further investigation as treatment for BoHV-1 keratoconjunctivitis, with future studies needed to assess in-vivo tolerability and efficacy.

New Paradigms for the Study of Ocular Alphaherpesvirus Infections: Insights into the Use of Non-Traditional Host Model Systems

Both strengths and limitations of the various available model systems to study ocular herpesvirus infection are discussed, with a focus on the use of these non-traditional virus-natural host models.

Topical Ocular Therapeutics in Small Animals

Phylogenomic Analysis of Global Isolates of Canid Alphaherpesvirus 1

Evidence of trans-boundary transmission of a novel form of CHV-1 is presented, which highlights the importance of surveillance for this pathogen in domestic dog populations.

47 References

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Twice-daily application of 0.5% cidofovir solution in both eyes significantly decreased the amount of viral shedding and the severity of clinical disease in cats with experimentally induced ocular FHV-1 infection.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Cidofovir as a Topical Ophthalmic Antiviral for Ocular Canine Herpesvirus-1 Infections in Dogs

Cidofovir displayed similar in vitro antiviral effects against canine herpesvirus-1 in vitro and in dogs with experimentally induced recurrent ocular CHV-1 infection, a host-adapted pathogen animal model of ocular herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV- 1) infection.

Frequency of spontaneous canine herpesvirus-1 reactivation and ocular viral shedding in latently infected dogs and canine herpesvirus-1 reactivation and ocular viral shedding induced by topical administration of cyclosporine and systemic administration of corticosteroids.

Spontaneous CHV-1 reactivation did not occur frequently in latently infected mature dogs, and this was not altered by topical ocular administration of cyclosporine, which may be a factor contributing to the lower frequency of recurrent herpetic ocular disease in dogs relative to other host species and their associated alphaherpesviruses.

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Primary ocular infection of adult dogs with CHV-1 was associated with self-limiting conjunctivitis and ocular viral shedding, which was evident in the absence of clinically detectable keratitis or systemic disease.

Comparative antiviral efficacies of cidofovir, trifluridine, and acyclovir in the HSV-1 rabbit keratitis model.

Topical 1% and 0.5% cidofovir both appeared to be significantly more efficacious than topical trifluridine and acyclovir, during a 7-day course, in the treatment of experimental HSV-1 ocular disease in the New Zealand rabbit keratitis model.

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The results of this study indicate that while epithelial keratitis may occur during primary infection, stromal ker atitis does not, unless immune responsiveness to FHV-1 is concomitantly suppressed.

Trifluridine decreases ocular HSV-1 recovery, but not herpetic lesions after timolol iontophoresis.

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A report of dendritic ulcerative keratitis in a 4-year old locally immunosuppressed dog suspected to result from acute primary canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) infection supports a central role for alterations in host immune status in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of CHV- 1 ocular disease in dogs.

Canine herpesvirus-1 ocular diseases of mature dogs

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The understanding of CHV-1 pathophysiology and ocular infections in mature dogs has expanded rapidly during the past few years, but much remains to be elucidated.