Effects of nicotine on the nucleus accumbens and similarity to those of addictive drugs

@article{Pontieri1996EffectsON,
  title={Effects of nicotine on the nucleus accumbens and similarity to those of addictive drugs},
  author={Francesco Ernesto Pontieri and Gianluigi Tanda and Francesco Orzi and Gaetano di Chiara},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1996},
  volume={382},
  pages={255-257}
}
THE question of whether nicotine, the neuroactive compound of tobacco, is addictive has been open to considerable scientific and public discussion. Although it can serve as a positive reinforcer in several animal species, including man, nicotine is thought to be a weak reinforcer in comparison with addictive drugs such as cocaine and heroin1,2, and has been argued to be habit forming but not addictive3,4. Here we report that intravenous nicotine in the rat, at doses known to maintain self… Expand
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In vivo brain microdialysis findings support behavioral data suggesting that the reinforcing effects of cocaine and heroin are additive and predict that nicotine will enhance the reinforcing effect of cocaine. Expand
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It is proposed that, at times when the plasma nicotine concentration is sufficiently high to cause desensitisation of the receptors, tobacco smoking is maintained by the conditioned reinforcers present in the tobacco smoke. Expand
Is dopamine important in nicotine dependence?
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  • Biology, Medicine
  • Journal of Physiology-Paris
  • 1998
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The discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine, despite showing some modification with dopaminergic compounds, appear not to be solely mediated via the mesolimbic dopamine system, and dissociation between stimulus properties may permit the development of more effective therapies in combating tobacco dependence. Expand
Functional correlates of nicotine administration: similarity with drugs of abuse
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The results demonstrate that nicotine shares with highly addictive drugs a distinct neurochemical and functional consequence that contribute to the neurochemical definition of the addictive nature of nicotine. Expand
Baclofen antagonizes nicotine‐, cocaine‐, and morphine‐induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of rat
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The data are in line with previous reports demonstrating the ability of baclofen to modulate the mesolimbic DAergic transmission and indicate bacl ofen as a putative candidate in the pharmacotherapy of polydrug abuse. Expand
The role of mesoaccumbens dopamine in nicotine dependence.
  • D. Balfour
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
  • 2015
There is abundant evidence that the dopamine (DA) neurons that project to the nucleus accumbens play a central role in neurobiological mechanisms underpinning drug dependence. This chapter considers… Expand
The neuronal pathways mediating the behavioral and addictive properties of nicotine.
  • D. Balfour
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • Handbook of experimental pharmacology
  • 2009
TLDR
The biological mechanisms that mediate the effects of cues and stimuli associated with the presentation of nicotine, which are thought to contribute significantly to the powerful addictive properties of tobacco smoke, are considered. Expand
Receptor systems participating in nicotine-specific effects
TLDR
Comparisons of the effects of receptor-specific antagonists on the increase of dopamine induced by nicotine with that induced by cocaine in the nucleus accumbens in conscious rats indicate that there are differences in some of the receptors mediating the central effects of the two compounds examined, nicotine and cocaine, although each influences dopamine levels, and that theTwo compounds interact. Expand
Role of dopamine in the behavioural actions of nicotine related to addiction.
Experimental impairment of dopamine function by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions or by dopamine receptor antagonists shows that dopamine is involved in nicotine's discriminative stimulus properties,… Expand
Nicotine activates and desensitizes midbrain dopamine neurons
TLDR
It is shown that the same concentration of nicotine achieved by smokers activates and desensitizes multiple nicotinic receptors thereby regulating the activity of mesolimbic dopamine neurons, which could mediate the rewarding aspects of tobacco use. Expand
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References

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The effect of various drugs on the extracellular concentration of dopamine in two terminal dopaminergic areas, the nucleus accumbens septi (a limbic area) and the dorsal caudate nucleus (a… Expand
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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