Effects of breaking up prolonged sitting on skeletal muscle gene expression.

@article{Latouche2013EffectsOB,
  title={Effects of breaking up prolonged sitting on skeletal muscle gene expression.},
  author={C{\'e}line Latouche and Jeremy B. M. Jowett and Andrew L Carey and David A. Bertovic and Neville Owen and David W. Dunstan and Bronwyn A. Kingwell},
  journal={Journal of applied physiology},
  year={2013},
  volume={114 4},
  pages={
          453-60
        }
}
Breaking up prolonged sitting has been beneficially associated with cardiometabolic risk markers in both observational and intervention studies. We aimed to define the acute transcriptional events induced in skeletal muscle by breaks in sedentary time. Overweight/obese adults participated in a randomized three-period, three-treatment crossover trial in an acute setting. The three 5-h interventions were performed in the postprandial state after a standardized test drink and included seated… 
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Preliminary insight is provided into the adipose tissue regulatory systems that may contribute to the physiological effects of interrupting prolonged sitting and how these systems are regulated through regulation of skeletal muscle gene and protein expression and modulation of adipocyte cell cycle.
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Prospective experimental studies provide considerable evidence of the positive effects of breaking up prolonged time spent sitting on metabolic outcomes, but it seems that the type, intensity, and frequency of physical activity necessary to effectively counteract the detrimental effects of prolonged sitting may differ according to the subjects' characteristics.
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Breaking up prolonged sedentary time acutely attenuates lunch postprandial glucose and improves positive affect in people with paraplegia may have clinical relevance for reducing CVD risk and improving psychological well‐being in this population.
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It appears that energy consumption and physical activity are both capable of acutely and chronically influencing adipose tissue metabolic signalling and regulation.
Frequent interruptions of sedentary time modulates contraction- and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake pathways in muscle: Ancillary analysis from randomized clinical trials
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It is shown that both interventions reduce postprandial glucose concentration, and both acute interruptions to sitting with moderate-intensity activity over one day and light- intensity activity over three days induce a transition to modulation of the insulin-signaling pathway, in association with increased capacity for glucose transport.
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It is concluded prolonged sitting may be related to decreased posterior tibial artery blood velocity and an acute bout of moderate exercise does not seem to attenuate cardiometabolic function during prolonged sitting in healthy, young adults.
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This systematic review found improvements on cardiovascular parameters, especially blood pressure, flow-mediated dilation, and biomarkers, whereas chronic studies found improvements mostly on blood pressure.
Beneficial postprandial lipaemic effects of interrupting sedentary time with high-intensity physical activity versus a continuous moderate-intensity physical activity bout: A randomised crossover trial.
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