Ecology: Is speciation driven by species diversity?

@article{Cadena2005EcologyIS,
  title={Ecology: Is speciation driven by species diversity?},
  author={Carlos Daniel Cadena and Robert E. Ricklefs and Iv{\'a}n Jim{\'e}nez and Eldredge Bermingham},
  journal={Nature},
  year={2005},
  volume={438},
  pages={E1-E2}
}
Arising from: B. C. Emerson & N. Kolm 434, 1015–1017 (2005); B. C. Emerson & N. Kolm replyEmerson and Kolm show that the proportion of species endemic to an island is positively related to its species richness and, assuming that endemism indexes speciation rate, they infer that greater species diversity accelerates diversification. Here we demonstrate that the same correlation between species richness and percentage endemism can arise even if within-island speciation is negligible, particularly… 
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74 Citations

Why are diversity and endemism Linked on islands

It is demonstrated that a positive correlation between diversity and endemism is an expected outcome of island colonization, and that intrinsic variation among species and islands can amplify the magnitude of that correlation.

Speciation and endemism under the model of island biogeography.

It is concluded that, although the model leads to an apparent positive relationship between percentage endemism and species diversity on an island, this positive endemics-diversity relationship is not necessarily driven by speciation.

Does species diversity really drive speciation

It is shown that the statistical artefact, which happens when both species richness and endemism depend on attributes of islands that influence the average age of resident populations and reduce extinction rates, can occur more generally for any type of abiotic variable that influences bothspecies richness and speciation or extinction rates.

Species diversity can drive speciation: comment.

It is shown that the observed trends in the distribution of endemics within these two archipelagos are in fact consistent with null predictions, and this findings undermine the validity of the "diversity-driven diversi fication" hypothesis.

The relationship between proportion of endemics and species diversity on islands: expectations from a null model

The null model presented here is constructed as apresence/absence matrix and shows with a null model that therelationship can arise by chance alone through stochasticcolonizations and extinctions; however, their null model didn’t incorporate speciation, extinction, and inter-islandcolonization.

Recurrent speciation rates on islands decline with species number

According to these analyses, the number of species can be stabilized at a finite level, even in the absence of extinction.

The effects of island ontogeny on species diversity and phylogeny

A parsimonious island-centric model that integrates phylogeny and ontogeny into island biogeography and can incorporate a negative feedback of diversity on species origination is presented and it is found that branching times of in situ radiations can be informative of an island's ontogenetic stage.

Diversity regulation at macro-scales: species richness on oceanic archipelagos

An unexpected parallel scaling of species richness of four taxa with area and number of islands for the major oceanic archipelagos of the globe is demonstrated, indicating that similar mechanisms have created variation in diversity.

Examining the relationship between total species richness and single island palaeo- and neo-endemics

Island biogeography, the effects of taxonomic effort and the importance of island niche diversity to single-island endemic species.

It is suggested Bayesian approaches should be more useful than frequentist methods in evaluating SIE S in island biogeography theory, as this cannot often be quantified.
...

References

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