Dodecanedioic acid overcomes metabolic inflexibility in type 2 diabetic subjects.

@article{Salinari2006DodecanedioicAO,
  title={Dodecanedioic acid overcomes metabolic inflexibility in type 2 diabetic subjects.},
  author={Serenella Salinari and Alessandro Bertuzzi and Alberto Gandolfi and A. V. Greco and Antonino Scarfone and Melania Manco and Geltrude Mingrone},
  journal={American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism},
  year={2006},
  volume={291 5},
  pages={
          E1051-8
        }
}
Metabolically healthy skeletal muscle possesses the ability to switch easily between glucose and fat oxidation in response to homeostatic signals. In type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, the skeletal muscle shows a great reduction in this metabolic flexibility. A substrate like dodecanedioic acid (C-12), able to increase skeletal muscle glycogen stores via succinyl-CoA formation, might both postpone the fatigue and increase fatty acid utilization, since it does not affect insulin secretion. In… 
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Use of dicarboxylic acids in type 2 diabetes.
TLDR
Study in animals and humans with type 2 diabetes showed that oral administration of sebacic acid improved glycaemic control, probably by enhancing insulin sensitivity, and reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucose output, suggesting an improvement of energy utilization and 'metabolic flexibility'.
Effect of Oral Sebacic Acid on Postprandial Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Glucose Rate of Appearance in Type 2 Diabetes
TLDR
Sebacic acid significantly reduced hyperglycemia after a meal in type 2 diabetic subjects and was associated with a reduction in glucose Ra, probably due to lowered hepatic glucose output and increased peripheral glucose disposal.
Metabolic Outcomes of Anaplerotic Dodecanedioic Acid Supplementation in Very Long Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (VLCAD) Deficient Fibroblasts
TLDR
Dodecanedioic acid supplementation replenishes the Krebs cycle by increasing the succinate pool, attenuates glycolytic flux, and reduces levels of toxic very long-chain acylcarnitines.
The mitochondrial‐derived peptide MOTS‐c is a regulator of plasma metabolites and enhances insulin sensitivity
TLDR
It is found that three pathways – sphingolipid metabolism, monoacylglycerol metabolism, and dicarboxylate metabolism – were reduced in MOTS‐c–injected mice, Interestingly, these pathways are upregulated in obese and T2D models.
Role of mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases in the metabolism of dicarboxylic fatty acids.
Medium-chain, even-numbered dicarboxylic acids as novel energy substrates: an update.
TLDR
Dicarboxylic acids might be a suitable fuel substrate, particularly in clinical conditions in which marked insulin resistance and/or impairment of aerobic glycolysis occur.
Plasma metabolomic biomarkers of mixed nuts exposure inversely correlate with severity of metabolic syndrome.
TLDR
Higher levels of utolithin A glucuronide are reported in subjects with less severe MetS traits, especially in females, and it is believed that this inverse correlation may be related with profile of gut microbial dysbiosis, recently associated to subjects with MetS.
Room calorimetry as a method of measuring metabolic flexibility
TLDR
This study shows that the non-invasive room calorimetry method can be used to measure many metabolic flexibility variables and how diet composition and exercise affect metabolic flexibility.
Role of oxygen supply in α, ω‐dodecanedioic acid biosynthesis from n‐dodecane by Candida viswanathii ipe‐1: Effect of stirring speed and aeration
TLDR
It was found that stirring speed and aeration influenced the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration which in turn affected cell growth as well as DC12 biosynthesis, and the effect of culture redox potential (Orp) level on DC 12 biosynthesis was more significant than that of DO level.
High-level productivity of α,ω-dodecanedioic acid with a newly isolated Candida viswanathii strain
TLDR
It is reported that a high productivity of DC12 could be produced by C. viswanathii ipe-1 using pure n-dodecane as substrate for the first time, and a suitable proportioning of sucrose and yeast extract was the key to achieve the optimal transition from cell growth phase to DC production phase.
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