Do Mountain Bikers have a Higher Risk of Scrotal Disorders than On-Road Cyclists?

@article{Mitterberger2008DoMB,
  title={Do Mountain Bikers have a Higher Risk of Scrotal Disorders than On-Road Cyclists?},
  author={Michael Josef Mitterberger and Germer M Pinggera and Hannes Neuwirt and Daniela Colleselli and Alexandre Pelzer and Georg Bartsch and Hannes Strasser and Johann Gradl and Leo Pallwein and Ferdinand Frauscher},
  journal={Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine},
  year={2008},
  volume={18},
  pages={49-54}
}
Objective:To sonographically investigate whether mountain bikers have a higher prevalence of scrotal abnormalities compared with on-road cyclists. Design:We studied 85 male mountain bikers (mean age: 25 years; range 17-45 years) and 50 male on-road cyclists (mean age: 23 years, range 15-46 years) with regard to scrotal findings on ultrasound (US). Setting:Medical University Innsbruck, Austria. Participants:Only males who gave a history of extensive mountain biking or on-road bicycling (2 hours… 
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These include the effects of exercise on semen parameters, hormonal axes, and testicular health, and the prevalence and particular relevance of anabolic steroid use by athletes and the impact of steroid use on fertility are reviewed.
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TLDR
The pathogenesis of scrotal pearls is unclear and proposed etiologies include torsion of an appendix testis or epididymis which subsequently calcifies, chronic inflammation and resultant fibrosis of the tunica vaginalis, or repetitive microtrauma similar to that which occurs in mountain bikers.
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TLDR
The pivotal role that ultrasound can play in the accurate triage of patients with scrotal trauma to surgical or conservative management is described, with an emphasis on blunt trauma.
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Given that exercise can affect reproductive system among male cyclists, hence cyclists may routinely employ sufficient rest after their training sessions to ensure that the sperm healthy parameters and seminal immunological profiles have properly recovered from the last training sessions.
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