• DOI:10.1111/PEPS.12140
• Corpus ID: 146548709

Do CEOs Matter to Firm Strategic Actions and Firm Performance? A Meta-Analytic Investigation Based on Upper Echelons Theory

@article{Wang2015DoCM,
  title={Do CEOs Matter to Firm Strategic Actions and Firm Performance? A Meta-Analytic Investigation Based on Upper Echelons Theory},
  author={Gang Wang and R. Michael Holmes and In-Sue Oh and Weichun Zhu},
  journal={Development of Innovation eJournal},
  year={2015}
}

• Gang Wang, R. M. Holmes, +1 author Weichun Zhu
• Published 1 December 2016
• Business
• Development of Innovation eJournal

What roles do CEOs play in firm performance? To address this question, the management field has accumulated a substantial amount of research over the past three decades built on upper echelons theory (UET), which posits that CEO characteristics manifest in firm strategic actions and, in this way, future firm performance. Hence, there is a need to systematically amass and take stock of prior empirical findings for UET testing and development. We use meta-analytic techniques to synthesize prior UET research on the relationships among commonly studied CEO characteristics, firm strategic actions, and future firm performance. Based on 308 studies, metaanalytic results generally support UET’s predictions with a few exceptions: CEO characteristics (i.e., tenure, formal education, prior career experience, and positive self-concept) are significantly associated with firm strategic actions, which in turn are significantly related to future firm performance. Moreover, CEO characteristics (i.e., age, tenure, formal education, and prior career experience) are positively related to future firm performance. In addition, finegrained analyses have revealed interesting and important relationships between specific measures of CEO characteristics (e.g., CEO prior task experience) and firm outcomes (e.g., firm strategic actions that match with CEO prior task experience). Implications for theory, future research, and practice are discussed.