Divergent selection maintains adaptive differentiation despite high gene flow between sympatric rainbow smelt ecotypes (Osmerus mordax Mitchill)

@article{SaintLaurent2003DivergentSM,
  title={Divergent selection maintains adaptive differentiation despite high gene flow between sympatric rainbow smelt ecotypes (Osmerus mordax Mitchill)},
  author={Robert Saint-Laurent and Michel Legault and Louis Bernatchez},
  journal={Molecular Ecology},
  year={2003},
  volume={12}
}
In this study, we investigate the relative role of historical factors and evolutionary forces in promoting population differentiation in a new case of sympatric dwarf and normal ecotypes of the rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax Mitchill) in Lac Saint‐Jean (Québec, Canada). Our first objective was to test the hypothesis that the evolution of sympatric smelt ecotypes in Lac Saint‐Jean has been contingent upon the secondary contact between two evolutionary lineages in postglacial times. Secondly, the… 
Parallel evolution of ecomorphological traits in the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus (L.) species complex during postglacial times
TLDR
It is proposed that sparsely and densely rakered whitefish sympatric pairs may be a likely case of ecological speciation, mediated in oligotrophic lakes with few trophic competitors.
DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN TWO SALT MARSH BEETLE ECOTYPES: EVIDENCE FOR ONGOING SPECIATION
TLDR
It is concluded that speciation is ongoing and that divergence reflects a balance between selection and gene flow, and was consistent with patterns seen across western European populations.
Evidence for divergence and adaptive isolation in post-glacially derived bimodal allopatric and sympatric rainbow smelt populations
TLDR
The hypothesis that processes of post-glacial radiation and diversification differ between sympatry and allopatry is supported, and a role for reinforcement and ecological processes in recent sympatric diversification is indicated.
Speciation with gene flow in the large white-headed gulls: does selection counterbalance introgression?
TLDR
It is concluded that these large gull species, along with other recently diverged species that hybridize after coming into secondary contact, may differ only in restricted regions of the genome that are undergoing strong disruptive selection because of their phenotypic effects.
Morphological and genetic differentiation in anadromous smelt Osmerus mordax (Mitchill): disentangling the effects of geography and morphology on gene flow
TLDR
Interestingly, the association between genetic and morphological divergence within mainland samples and overall, supports the hypothesis that gene flow may be moderated by Morphological divergence at larger spatial scales even in high gene flow environments.
DOES GENE FLOW CONSTRAIN ADAPTIVE DIVERGENCE OR VICE VERSA? A TEST USING ECOMORPHOLOGY AND SEXUAL ISOLATION IN TIMEMA CRISTINAE WALKING‐STICKS
TLDR
Results indicate that morphological divergence in T. cristinae reflects a balance between the effects of host‐specific natural selection and gene flow, and that data on mating preferences can help determine the causal associations between trait divergence and levels of gene flow.
Intraspecific vicariant history and the evolution of adaptive morphological diversity in a fish species (Osmerus mordax)
TLDR
The results obtained demonstrate how adaptive radiation associated with ecological resource partitioning and feeding specializations can be strongly influenced by intraspecific phenotypic diversification resulting from relatively recent vicariant histories.
Gene flow in Dubautia arborea and D. ciliolata: the roles of ecology and isolation by distance in maintaining species boundaries despite ongoing hybridization
TLDR
This study examines gene flow and population differentiation among populations of two species of the Hawaiian silversword alliance, Dubautia arborea and D. ciliolata, and compares divergence in putatively neutral microsatellite markers with divergence in leaf morphometric traits, which may be selectively important or physiologically linked to selectively important traits.
Where the Lake Meets the Sea: Strong Reproductive Isolation Is Associated with Adaptive Divergence between Lake Resident and Anadromous Three-Spined Sticklebacks
TLDR
The results support the suggestion that such associations may be more complex in some Atlantic populations compared to those in the Pacific, and provide an important foundation for future work investigating the dynamics of gene flow and adaptive divergence in this newly discovered stickleback contact zone.
Ecological disturbance influences adaptive divergence despite high gene flow in golden perch (Macquaria ambigua): Implications for management and resilience to climate change
TLDR
This study finds high gene flow across the Murray‐Darling Basin, Australia, and detects adaptive divergence predominantly linked to an arid region with highly variable riverine flow, and candidate loci included functions related to fat storage, stress and molecular or tissue repair.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 135 REFERENCES
EVIDENCE FOR MULTIPLE ORIGINS AND SYMPATRIC DIVERGENCE OF TROPHIC ECOTYPES OF SMELT (OSMERUS) IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH AMERICA
  • E. Taylor, P. Bentzen
  • Environmental Science
    Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
  • 1993
TLDR
It is concluded that trophic ecology is an important factor promoting differentiation in smelt life histories; that smelt ecotypes are polyphyletic and there have been multiple, independent divergences of Osmerus life‐history types throughout northeastern North America; and that the biological and mtDNA differences between coexisting dwarf and normal lake smelt argue strongly that their genetic isolation may have developed sympatrically.
Integrating molecular genetics and ecology in studies of adaptive radiation : whitefish , Coregonus sp . , as a case study
  • P. Bacon
  • Biology, Environmental Science
  • 1999
TLDR
A comparative analysis of niche partitioning supported the hypothesis that the persistence of differential ecological opportunity throughout their ontogeny may be the selective force promoting the extent of specialization reached by whitefish ecotypes, and indicated that both genetic and ecological mechanisms may jointly act to determine speciation rate in whitefish.
Regular ArticleIntegrating molecular genetics and ecology in studies of adaptive radiation: whitefish, Coregonus sp., as a case study
TLDR
A comparative analysis of niche partitioning supported the hypothesis that the persistence of differential ecological opportunity throughout their ontogeny may be the selective force promoting the extent of specialization reached by whitefish ecotypes, and indicated that both genetic and ecological mechanisms may jointly act to determine speciation rate in whitefish.
A mtDNA analysis of spatiotemporal distribution of two sympatric larval populations of rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) in the St. Lawrence River estuary, Quebec, Canada
TLDR
It is demonstrated that the effect of historical events may have been as important as contemporary ecological settings in determining genetic population structure in smelt.
GENETIC EVIDENCE FOR REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION AND MULTIPLE ORIGINS OF SYMPATRIC TROPHIC ECOTYPES OF WHITEFISH (COREGONUS)
TLDR
A polyphyletic origin of ecotypes whereby each of them have been expressed independently more than once is indicated, indicating that they represent genetically distinct reproductive units, and therefore refuting the hypothesis of phenotypic polymorphism within a single population.
Mitochondrial DNA analysis confirms the existence of two glacial races of rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax and their reproductive isolation in the St Lawrence River estuary (Quebec, Canada)
TLDR
The sympatric occurrence in the estuary of anadromous populations alternatively dominated by one mtDNA clade or the other indicated that reproductive isolation mechanisms between the two races developed within this contact zone, the first evidence of secondary intergradation among distinct races of aquatic organisms in an estuarine environment.
Lack of specialization in trophic morphology between genetically differentiated dwarf and normal forms of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis Mitchill) in Lac de IyEsty Quebec
TLDR
It is established that sympatric dwarf and normal-size spawning groups of lake whitefish in Lac de 1'Est represent two genetically distinct populations despite the potential for gene flow between them, which suggests that they represent an early stage of population divergence.
Molecular genetic evidence for reproductive isolation between sympatric populations of smelt Osmerus in Lake Utopia, south‐western New Brunswick, Canada
TLDR
The authors' molecular evidence for reproductive isolation between dwarf and normal smelt in Lake Utopia, coupled with the persistent morphological and ecological differentiation between them, argues strongly that they are behaving as distinct species.
Do assemblages of Coregonus (Teleostei: Salmoniformes) in the Central Alpine region of Europe represent species flocks?
TLDR
Re reproductively isolated species diverged within lakes, with similar patterns repeatedly emerging among lakes, rejecting the hypothesis that within‐lake morphological and ecological diversity reflects phenotypic plasticity within a single gene pool.
Genetic structure and relationships among anadromous and landlocked populations of rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax, Mitchill, as revealed by mtDNA restriction analysis
TLDR
St Lawrence smelt were genetically identical but distinct from adjacent populations, supporting the proposition that population genetic structure reflects the number of larval retention zones rather than spawning sites.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...