Direct sampling of electric-field vacuum fluctuations
@article{Riek2015DirectSO, title={Direct sampling of electric-field vacuum fluctuations}, author={Claudius Riek and Denis V Seletskiy and A. S. Moskalenko and Jan F. Schmidt and Philipp Jonathan Krauspe and Sebastian Eckart and Stefan Eggert and Guido Burkard and Alfred Leitenstorfer}, journal={Science}, year={2015}, volume={350}, pages={420 - 423} }
Probing the fluctuating vacuum According to quantum mechanics, a vacuum is not empty space. A consequence of the uncertainly principle is that particles or energy can come into existence for a fleeting moment. Such vacuum or quantum fluctuations are known to exist, but evidence for them has been indirect. Riek et al. present an ultrafast optical based technique that probes the vacuum fluctuation of electromagnetic radiation directly. Science, this issue p. 420 Ultrafast optics can directly…
155 Citations
Detection of quantum-vacuum field correlations outside the light cone.
- PhysicsNature communications
- 2022
According to quantum field theory, empty space—the ground state with all real excitations removed—is not empty, but filled with quantum-vacuum fluctuations. Their presence can manifest itself through…
Paraxial Theory of Direct Electro-optic Sampling of the Quantum Vacuum.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 2015
It is shown that nonlinear mixing of a short near-infrared probe pulse with the multiterahertz vacuum field leads to an increase of the signal variance with respect to the shot noise level.
Subcycle quantum physics (Conference Presentation)
- PhysicsOPTO
- 2017
A time-domain approach to quantum electrodynamics is presented, covering the entire mid-infrared and terahertz frequency ranges. Ultrabroadband electro-optic sampling with few-femtosecond laser…
Macroscopic quantum electrodynamics approach to nonlinear optics and application to polaritonic quantum-vacuum detection
- Physics
- 2021
We provide an in-depth discussion of a theoretical framework recently introduced [Lindel et al., Phys. Rev. A 102, 041701(R) (2020)] which is capable of predicting the electromagnetic field emerging…
Quantum Susceptibilities in Time‐Domain Sampling of Electric Field Fluctuations
- PhysicsLaser & Photonics Reviews
- 2022
Electro‐optic sampling has emerged as a new quantum technique enabling measurements of electric field fluctuations on subcycle time scales. In a second‐order nonlinear material, the fluctuations of a…
Femtosecond measurements of electric fields: from classical amplitudes to quantum fluctuations
- Physics
- 2017
Ultrabroadband electro-optic sampling is presented as an extremely sensitive technique to detect electric field amplitudes in free space. The temporal resolution provided by few-femtosecond laser…
Quantum optics: Quiet moments in time
- PhysicsNature
- 2017
Generating squeezed light in transient mid-infrared light fields and detecting quantum fluctuations directly in the time domain with few-femtosecond laser pulses succeed in observing squeezed and increased quantum fluctuations in adjacent time regions.
Theory of polaritonic quantum-vacuum detection
- PhysicsPhysical Review A
- 2020
Recent progress in electro-optic sampling has allowed direct access to the fluctuations of the electromagnetic ground state. Here, we present a theoretical formalism that allows for an in-depth…
Extremely Non-adiabatic Switch-off of Deep-strong Light-Matter Coupling
- Physics2021 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)
- 2021
Dressing electrons with the vacuum electromagnetic field of an optical microresonator can lead to the creation of new states of matter. When the rate of energy exchange between the two systems, the…
Enhanced Electro-optic Sampling with Quantum Probes
- PhysicsPhysical Review Letters
- 2021
Employing electro-optic sampling (EOS) with ultrashort probe pulses, recent experiments showed direct measurements of quantum vacuum fields and their correlations on subcycle timescales. Here, we…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 59 REFERENCES
Quantum correlation among photons from a single quantum dot at room temperature
- PhysicsNature
- 2000
This result proves that a single quantum dot acts like an artificial atom, with a discrete anharmonic spectrum, and finds the photon-emission events from a cluster of several dots to be uncorrelated.
Introduction to quantum noise, measurement, and amplification
- Physics
- 2010
The topic of quantum noise has become extremely timely due to the rise of quantum information physics and the resulting interchange of ideas between the condensed matter and atomic, molecular,…
Quantum state reconstruction of the single-photon Fock state.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 2001
The quantum state of optical pulses containing single photons is reconstructed using the method of phase-randomized pulsed optical homodyne tomography and shows a strong dip reaching classically impossible negative values around the origin of the phase space.
Single photons on demand from a single molecule at room temperature
- PhysicsNature
- 2000
This work realizes a controllable source of single photons using optical pumping of a single molecule in a solid and is characterized by simplicity, room temperature operation and improved performance compared to other triggered sources of single photon.
Measurement of the Wigner distribution and the density matrix of a light mode using optical homodyne tomography: Application to squeezed states and the vacuum.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1993
From measurements of quadrature-field amplitude, the technique of optical homodyne tomography is demonstrated to determine the Wigner distribution and the density matrix of the mode, providing a complete quantum mechanical characterization of the measured mode.
Observation of squeezed states generated by four-wave mixing in an optical cavity.
- PhysicsPhysical review letters
- 1985
Squeezed states of the electromagnetic field have been generated by nondegenerate four-wave mixing due to Na atoms in an optical cavity by measuring the total noise level in the deamplified quadrature below the vacuum noise level.
Correlation between Photons in two Coherent Beams of Light
- PhysicsNature
- 1956
Physicists now rely on the effect to probe the quantum character of complex light sources as well as classical interferometry to infer the angular size of distant stars.
Detectors and sources for ultrabroadband electro-optic sampling: Experiment and theory
- Physics
- 1999
A detailed calculation of the amplitude and phase response of ultrathin ZnTe and GaP electro-optic sensors is presented. We demonstrate that the inclusion of the dispersion of the second-order…
Quantum Kinetic Electron-Phonon Interaction in GaAs: Energy Nonconserving Scattering Events and Memory Effects
- Physics
- 1997
Highly energetic electrons in GaAs emitting LO phonons are studied via femtosecond transmission spectroscopy. It is demonstrated for the first time that energy is not conserved on a time scale as…