Differential Modulation of Gene Expression Encoding Hepatic and Renal Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes by an Aspalathin-Enriched Rooibos Extract and Aspalathin

@article{Abrahams2018DifferentialMO,
  title={Differential Modulation of Gene Expression Encoding Hepatic and Renal Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes by an Aspalathin-Enriched Rooibos Extract and Aspalathin},
  author={Sameega Abrahams and Sedicka Samodien and Mariska Lilly and Elizabeth Joubert and Wentzel C. A. Gelderblom},
  journal={Planta Medica},
  year={2018},
  volume={85},
  pages={6 - 13}
}
Abstract Modulation of the expression of hepatic and renal genes encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes by an aspalathin-enriched green rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) extract (GRE) was investigated in the liver and kidneys of F344 rats following dietary exposure of 28 d, as well as selected xenobiotic metabolizing genes in rat primary hepatocytes. In the liver, GRE upregulated genes (p < 0.05) encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase, glucose phosphate isomerase, and cytochrome P450 while 17… 

Differential Cytotoxicity of Rooibos and Green Tea Extracts against Primary Rat Hepatocytes and Human Liver and Colon Cancer Cells – Causal Role of Major Flavonoids

Differential cell responses were noticed with HepG2 cells more sensitive than PH toward the induction of apoptosis by GRE, and HT-29 cells were resistant to apoptosis induction by the tea and pure flavonoids.

The toxic contaminants of Aspalathus linearis plant material as well as herb–drug interactions may constitute the health risk factors in daily rooibos tea consumers

  • J. Pyrzanowska
  • Medicine, Biology
    International journal of environmental health research
  • 2021
Rooibos tea is brewed using Aspalathus linearis plant material sensitive to environmental contamination, yet several human case reports suggest possible acute hepatic damage, so caution should be exercised in patients receiving the treatment with allopathic medicines to avoid untoward alteration of drug plasma concentration.

Aspalathin: a rare dietary dihydrochalcone from Aspalathus linearis (rooibos tea)

The history and gaps are explored with regards to collating aspects of the synthesis, quality control, metabolism and various biological activities of the molecule to fill gaps in the scientific literature available on aspalathin.

Aspalathin: a rare dietary dihydrochalcone from Aspalathus linearis (rooibos tea)

The history and fill gaps with regards to collating aspects of the synthesis, quality control, metabolism and various biological activities of the molecule are explored to explore the history and fills gaps in the scientific literature available on aspalathin.

Modulation of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and oxidative status by rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and Honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia), green and black (Camellia sinensis) teas in rats.

Modulation of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes and oxidative status in the liver may be important events in the protection against adverse effects related to mutagenesis and oxidative damage.

Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes of the Kidney

Many of the enzymes discussed, in addition to metabolizing foreign compounds, have important endogenous functions in the kidney, such as the regulation of salt and water balance and the synthesis of vitamin D.

Induction of phase I, II and III drug metabolism/transport by xenobiotics

Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play central roles in the metabolism, elimination and detoxification of xenobiotics and drugs introduced into the human body, and play crucial roles in response to many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon receptors and excretion.

Inhibitory Interactions of Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos) Extracts and Compounds, Aspalathin and Z-2-(β-d-Glucopyranosyloxy)-3-phenylpropenoic Acid, on Cytochromes Metabolizing Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Drugs

The findings suggest that herb-drug interactions may occur when nutraceuticals containing rooibos extracts are co-administered with hypoglycemic drugs such as TZDs, sulfonylureas, and dyslipidemic drug, atorvastatin.

Potential of rooibos, its major C-glucosyl flavonoids, and Z-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-phenylpropenoic acid in prevention of metabolic syndrome

The potential of rooibos extract and its major C-glucosyl flavonoids, in particular aspalathin, a C- glucoside dihydrochalcone, as well as the phenolic precursor, Z-2-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-3-phenylpropenoic acid, to prevent the metabolic syndrome, will be highlighted.

Rooibos Flavonoids Inhibit the Activity of Key Adrenal Steroidogenic Enzymes, Modulating Steroid Hormone Levels in H295R Cells

Structural differences regarding the number and position of hydroxyl and glucose moieties as well as structural flexibility could indicate different mechanisms by which these flavonoids influence the activity of adrenal steroidogenic enzymes.

Structures of Human Cytochrome P-450 2E1

These structures provide insights into the ability of CYP2E1 to effectively bind and metabolize both small molecule substrates and fatty acids.

Interactions of xenobiotics with the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway

Given the complexities in the steroid synthesis pathways and the biological activities of the hormones, together with the unknown biokinetic properties of these complex mixtures, extrapolation of in vitro effects to in vivo toxicities will not be straightforward and will require further, often in vivo, investigations.

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated metabolism of catechol estrogens: comparison of wild-type and variant COMT isoforms.

The oxidative metabolism of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) to catechol estrogens (2-OHE2, 4-OHE2, 2-OHE1, and 4-OHE1) and estrogen quinones has been postulated to be a factor in mammary