Deuterium Fractionation in Interstellar Clouds
@article{Millar2003DeuteriumFI, title={Deuterium Fractionation in Interstellar Clouds}, author={Tom J. Millar}, journal={Space Science Reviews}, year={2003}, volume={106}, pages={73-86} }
This paper reviews the chemical processes responsible for fractionating deuterium in interstellar molecules. I show that this process is intrinsically a low temperature phenomenon and discuss how the degree of enhancement of the deuterium content of molecules is related to the physical conditions, particularly abundances, in molecular clouds. If significant amounts of abundant species, such as CO, are frozen out on to interstellar dust grains, the resulting enhancement in H2D+ can result in its…
16 Citations
Solar System Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratio
- Physics, Geology
- 2006
The D/H variations in chondritic meteorites are reviewed and compared with astronomical observations in the interstellar medium. The observed D enrichment in organic molecules — and to a lesser…
Laboratory spectroscopy techniques to enable observations of interstellar ion chemistry
- Physics, Chemistry
- 2020
Molecular ions have long been considered key intermediates in the evolution of molecular complexity in the interstellar medium. However, owing to their reactivity and transient nature, ions have…
insoluble organic matter in a formose-type reaction in the early solar system
- Physics, Chemistry
- 2021
Solvent-soluble organic matter (SOM) in meteorites, which includes life’s building molecules, is suspected to originate from the cold region of the early solar system, on the basis of 13C enrichment…
On the possible interconversion between pairs of deuterated isotopomers of methanol, its ion, and its protonated ion in star-forming regions
- Physics
- 2004
Deuterated isotopomers of methanol have been detected both in hot cores and in the protostellar source IRAS 16293-2422. It is currently thought that these species are formed on cold grain surfaces in…
Hierarchical Earth accretion and the Hadean Eon
- Geology, PhysicsJournal of the Geological Society
- 2007
Geochemical traces from the Hadean Eon and terrestrial siderophile and volatile element data are discussed in the light of the standard, or hierarchical, model of planetary accretion, which envisages…
Statistical modelling of NH+/ND+ + H2/HD/D2 branching ratios.
- PhysicsPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
- 2008
It is determined that in all cases where both hydrogen and deuterium are present, the NHD(+) product is preferred.
Observation of the isotope effect in sub-kelvin reactions.
- PhysicsNature chemistry
- 2014
It is demonstrated that measurements of a single isotope are insufficient to constrain ab initio calculations, making the kinetic isotope effect in the cold regime necessary to remove ambiguity among possible potential energy surfaces.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 33 REFERENCES
Modelling of deuterium chemistry and its application to molecular clouds
- Physics
- 2000
We have developed new models of the chemistry of deuterium for investigating fractionation in interstellar molecular clouds. We have incorporated the latest information on reactions which affect…
The importance of new rate coefficients for deuterium fractionation reactions in interstellar chemistry
- Physics
- 2002
Rate coefficients for deuterium fractionation reactions that are important at low temperatures have recently been studied at 10 K in the laboratory for the first time. In this paper, we incorporate…
A model of the chemistry in cometary comae: deuterated molecules
- Physics
- 2002
ABSTRA C T We have developed a combined chemical and hydrodynamical model of cometary comae. The model is described and used to follow the deuterium chemistry occurring in the coma after the…
Gas-Phase Production of NHD2 in L134N
- Physics
- 2001
We show analytically that large abundances of NH2D and NHD2 can be produced by gas-phase chemistry in the interiors of cold dense clouds. The calculated fractionation ratios are in good agreement…
Gas-Phase Formation of Doubly-Deuterated Species
- Physics
- 2000
We present the first results from a time-dependent chemical model to include a gas-phase reaction scheme for producing doubly-deuterated species. Under normal conditions the formation of these…
Deuterium fractionation in dense ammonia cores
- Physics
- 2000
We report observations of several deuterated species in the dark clouds L134N and TMC1, and in particular of NH2D (deuterated ammonia). NH2D has been detected for the first time towards the dense…
Sublimation from icy jets as a probe of the interstellar volatile content of comets
- Physics, GeologyNature
- 1999
High-resolution observations of emission from the molecules HNC, DCN and HDO associated with comet Hale–Bopp reveal arc-like structures—icy jets—offset from (but close to) the nucleus, and suggest that, by mass, Hale-Bopp (and by inference the outer regions of the early solar nebula) consists of largely unprocessed interstellar material.
DETECTION OF TRIPLY DEUTERATED AMMONIA IN THE BARNARD 1 CLOUD
- Physics
- 2002
We report the detection of the ground-state rotational transition JK = 10 → 00 (0a → 0s) of triply deuterated ammonia at 309.91 GHz in the Barnard 1 cloud, obtained with the Caltech Submillimeter…
The D/H Ratio in Methane in Titan: Origin and History
- Physics
- 2002
Abstract We propose a new interpretation of the D/H ratio in CH4 observed in the atmosphere of Titan. Using a turbulent evolutionary model of the subnebula of Saturn (O. Mousis et al. 2002,…