Current Concepts Review: Plantar Fasciitis

@article{League2008CurrentCR,
  title={Current Concepts Review: Plantar Fasciitis},
  author={Alan C. League},
  journal={Foot \& Ankle International},
  year={2008},
  volume={29},
  pages={358 - 366}
}
The plantar fascia is a strong, fibrous aponeurosis that originates from the plantar tuberosity of the calcaneus and fans out into 3 bands that insert into the bases of the proximal phalanges. The central band anatomically and structurally dominates the medial and lateral bands. The thick plantar fat pad protects and cushions the origin and insertion, while the midsubstance can be palpated subcutaneously when the plantar fascia is tensioned. Dorsiflexion of the toes, and especially the hallux… 
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Plantar Fasciitis and Tarsal Tunnel
TLDR
A commonly overlooked source of inferomedial heel pain recalcitrant to nonoperative management is chronic plantar fasciitis associated with entrapment of the lateral plantar nerve and its first branch.
Plantar Fasciitis/Fasciosis.
Plantar Fasciitis : Distal Tarsal Tunnel (Baxter's Nerve) in the Athlete
Calf stretching and plantar fascia-specific stretching for plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Plantar Fasciopathy
  • Jan D Rompe
  • Medicine
    Sports medicine and arthroscopy review
  • 2009
TLDR
The role of various management strategies should be considered in the light of the selflimiting nature of plantar fasciopathy with more than 80% of patients experiencing resolution within 12 months, regardless of management.
Plantar fascia rupture in elite athlete of volleyball - case report
TLDR
The purpose of this case report is to document the diagnosis, propose a treatment and time of return to sports activity after acute plantar fascia rupture in a high-performance (elite) athlete without previous corticosteroid infiltrations, an entity rarely described in the literature.
Extensile Decompression of the Proximal and Distal Tarsal Tunnel Combined With Partial Plantar Fascia Release in the Treatment of Chronic Plantar Heel Pain
TLDR
This technique offers another operative option for chronic heel pain that is associated with satisfactory outcomes and rest pain relief and despite reducing pain at rest in all patients, the majority of patients may be left with mild to moderate residual symptoms.
Plantar Fasciitis: A Treatment Algorithm
TLDR
S steroid injection and extracorpeal shockwave are very helpful methods for treating plantar fasciitis and before sending a patient to the surgery, these options can be tried.
Serial ultrasonographic findings of plantar fasciitis after treatment with botulinum toxin a: a case study.
Controversies in Surgical Treatment of Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis
TLDR
In the future, the duration of nonoperative management for recalcitrant disease may be reduced, however, more randomized control trials showing positive results of the gastrocnemius recession may allow for shorterNonoperative management period creating a new standard treatment algorithm.
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References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 69 REFERENCES
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TLDR
Findings suggest that treatment regimens such as serial corticosteroid injections into the plantar fascia should be reevaluated in the absence of inflammation and in light of their potential to induce plantar fascial rupture.
Plantar fasciitis. Etiology, treatment, surgical results, and review of the literature.
TLDR
Of 27 surgically treated cases followed from one to three years, satisfactory results were obtained in 24 cases, and Histologically, localized fibrosis or granulomatous changes or both were noted in several cases.
A retrospective comparison of endoscopic plantar fasciotomy to open plantar fasciotomy with heel spur resection for chronic plantar fasciitis/heel spur syndrome.
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TLDR
Usually, plantar fasciitis can be treated successfully by tailoring treatment to an individual's risk factors and preferences, including rest, stretching, strengthening, change of shoes, arch supports, orthotics, night splints, anti-inflammatory agents and surgery.
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TLDR
Conservative therapy including rest, orthotics, heel cups, anti-inflammatory agents, and icing reduce symptoms in most patients, and a few athletes may need surgery to continue running.
Plantar fascia release for chronic plantar fasciitis in runners
TLDR
Plantar fascia release was an effective procedure for patients with symptoms of chronic unre sponsive plantar fasciitis whose symptoms had been present for an average of 20 months and had not responded to nonsurgical treatment.
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The authors present two cases involving heel spur syndrome and plantar fasciitis. Histologic changes in the plantar fascia are compared, and changes found in chronic inflammation are discussed.
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TLDR
Ultrasound allows confirmation of the clinical diagnosis in plantar fasciitis and may provide information as to its etiology.
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TLDR
Symptoms originating from degenerative damage to the plantar fascia, such as rupture or fasciitis, may benefit from fAsciectomy, and short-term results show resolution of pain in 75% of cases, and a slight sagging of the plantAR arch.
Comparison of Custom and Prefabricated Orthoses in the Initial Treatment of Proximal Plantar Fasciitis
TLDR
It is concluded that, when used in conjunction with a stretching program, a prefabricated shoe insert is more likely to produce improvement in symp-toms as part of the initial treatment of proximal plantar fasciitis than a custom polypropylene orthotic device.
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