Cross-linking of the dermo-epidermal junction of skin regenerating from keratinocyte autografts. Anchoring fibrils are a target for tissue transglutaminase.

@article{Raghunath1996CrosslinkingOT,
  title={Cross-linking of the dermo-epidermal junction of skin regenerating from keratinocyte autografts. Anchoring fibrils are a target for tissue transglutaminase.},
  author={Michael Raghunath and Bianca H{\"o}pfner and Daniel Aeschlimann and Ursula Lüthi and Martin Meuli and Stefan Altermatt and Rita Gobet and Leena Bruckner-Tuderman and Beat Steinmann},
  journal={The Journal of clinical investigation},
  year={1996},
  volume={98 5},
  pages={
          1174-84
        }
}
Since transglutaminases create covalent gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine cross-links between extracellular matrix proteins they are prime candidates for stabilizing tissue during wound healing. Therefore, we studied the temporo-spatial expression of transglutaminase activity in skin regenerating from cultured epithelial autografts in severely burned children by the specific incorporation of monodansylcadaverine into cryostat sections from skin biopsies obtained between 5 d to 17 mo after grafting… 
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Supramolecular Interactions in the Dermo-epidermal Junction Zone
TLDR
In vitro binding studies demonstrated that a von Willebrand factor A-like motif in collagen VII was essential for binding of anchoring fibrils to reconstituted collagen I fibril, which is stabilized in situ and resists dissociation by strong denaturants.
Importance of tissue transglutaminase in repair of extracellular matrices and cell death of dermal fibroblasts after exposure to a solarium ultraviolet A source.
TLDR
Data suggest that changes in cross-linking both in the intracellular and extracellular compartments elicited by tissue transglutaminase following exposure to ultraviolet provides a rapid tissue stabilization process following damage, but as such may be a contributory factor to the scarring process that results.
Making more matrix: enhancing the deposition of dermal-epidermal junction components in vitro and accelerating organotypic skin culture development, using macromolecular crowding.
TLDR
The findings corroborate the role of fibroblasts as important players in producing collagen VII and inducing collagen VII deposition in the DEJ, and that macromolecular crowding leads to organotypic epidermal differentiation in tissue culture in a significantly condensed time frame.
Transglutaminase activity in the eye: cross-linking in epithelia and connective tissue structures.
TLDR
TGase 2 appears to be an important cross-linker and thus stabilizer of ocular connective tissue, in particular the ciliary zonules, which is of relevance in hereditary microfibrillopathies such as Marfan syndrome.
Tissue transglutaminase is expressed, active, and directly involved in rat dermal wound healing and angiogenesis
TLDR
It is established that TG is an important tissue stabilizing enzyme that is active during wound healing and can function to promote angiogenesis.
Immunohistochemical study of type I collagen turn-over and of matrix metalloproteinases in chromoblastomycosis before and after treatment by terbinafine.
Transglutaminases, involucrin, and loricrin as markers of epidermal differentiation in skin substitutes derived from human sweat gland cells
TLDR
Findings support the thesis that SG cells have the potential to form a near normal stratified epidermal analog that might be used as a skin substitute.
Protein cross-linking mediated by tissue transglutaminase correlates with the maturation of extracellular matrices during lung development.
TLDR
It is concluded that tTG is expressed and externalized into the extracellular matrix of lung shortly before maturation of an organ area, and it is hypothesize that it may prevent or delay further remodeling of basement membranes and may stabilize otherextracellular components, such as microfibrils.
Collagen VII Half-Life at the Dermal-Epidermal Junction Zone: Implications for Mechanisms and Therapy of Genodermatoses.
Facilitated wound healing by activation of the Transglutaminase 1 gene.
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References

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TLDR
The demonstration of extracellular transglutaminase activity in differentiating cartilage, i.e., cross-linking of osteonectin in situ, shows that tissue transglUTaminase-catalyzed cross- linking is a physiological mechanism for cartilage matrix stabilization.
Skin regenerated from cultured epithelial autografts on full-thickness burn wounds from 6 days to 5 years after grafting. A light, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study.
TLDR
Regeneration of skin from cultured keratinocyte autografts used in the treatment of full-thickness burn wounds was studied in 21 pediatric patients from 6 days to 5 years after grafting, and normal histologic features were maintained for years after transplanting.
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TLDR
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TLDR
The results indicate that in normal human skin, the removal of the NC-2 domain from procollagen VII precedes its deposition at the dermal-epidermal junction, and suggest that an aberration in the procollsagen VII cleavage interferes with the normal fibrillogenesis of the anchoring fibrils.
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TLDR
The triple-helical domain of type VII collagen was isolated from human placental membranes by mild digestion with pepsin, and polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbits against this protein, and this protein was identified by immunoblotting with the antibodies.
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TLDR
Both collagens V and XI are specific glutaminyl substrates for tissue transglutaminase in vitro, as shown by incorporation of [3H]putrescine and Trypsin cleaved the 3H label from the alpha 1 chain of collagen V, demonstrating that the cross-linking occurs in the non triple helical propeptide domains.
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TLDR
The data support a hypothesis for the essential and complementary roles of both TGase 1 and TGase 3 in cross-linking of loricrin in vivo, and may explain the phenotype of lamellar ichthyosis, a disease caused by mutations in theTGase 1 gene.
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TLDR
Tissue transglutaminase expression in skeletal tissues is strictly regulated, correlates with chondrocyte differentiation, precedes cartilage calcification, and could lead to cross-linking of the mineralizing matrix.
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TLDR
It is reported here that endogenous tissue TGase is localized on the adjacent ECM after puncture wounding embryonic human lung fibroblasts (WI‐38) and bound TGase persisted at the wound site for many hours, demonstrated by immunofluorescence and by catalytic activity using an overlay assay.
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