Cross-examining dissociative identity disorder: Neuroimaging and etiology on trial

@article{Reinders2008CrossexaminingDI,
  title={Cross-examining dissociative identity disorder: Neuroimaging and etiology on trial},
  author={Antje A. Reinders},
  journal={Neurocase},
  year={2008},
  volume={14},
  pages={44 - 53}
}
Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is probably the most disputed of psychiatric diagnoses and of psychological forensic evaluations in the legal arena. The iatrogenic proponents assert that DID phenomena originate from psychotherapeutic treatment while traumagenic proponents state that DID develops after severe and chronic childhood trauma. In addition, DID that is simulated with malingering intentions, but not stimulated by psychotherapeutic treatment, may be called pseudogenic. With DID… 
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23 Citations
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23 Citations

Dissociative Identity Disorder and Fantasy Proneness: A Positron Emission Tomography Study of Authentic and Enacted Dissociative Identity States
Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a disputed psychiatric disorder. Research findings and clinical observations suggest that DID involves an authentic mental disorder related to factors such as…
Simulation of multiple personalities: a review of research comparing diagnosed and simulated dissociative identity disorder.
A theological engagement with current theories of dissociative identity disorder using the mimetic theory of René Girard
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is described in DSM-IV as ‘The presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states’. The diagnosis…
Fact or Factitious? A Psychobiological Study of Authentic and Simulated Dissociative Identity States
TLDR
The findings are at odds with the idea that differences among different types of dissociative identity states in DID can be explained by high fantasy proneness, motivated role-enactment, and suggestion and indicate that DID does not have a sociocultural origin.
University of Groningen Fact or Factitious ? A Psychobiological Study of Authentic and Simulated Dissociative Identity States Reinders
Background: Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a disputed psychiatric disorder. Research findings and clinical observations suggest that DID involves an authentic mental disorder related to…
Meet Dr Jekyll: a case of a psychiatrist with dissociative identity disorder
  • S. Suetani, Elizabeth Markwick
  • Psychology, Medicine
    Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
  • 2014
TLDR
This case review presents a retired psychiatrist with a history of DID to illustrate current thinking about the characteristics and aetiology of DID and argues for the importance of being aware of both personal and professional biases in the authors' own clinical practice.
Is it Trauma‐ or Fantasy‐based? Comparing dissociative identity disorder, post‐traumatic stress disorder, simulators, and controls
TLDR
The Trauma Model of dissociative identity disorder posits that DID is etiologically related to chronic neglect and physical and/or sexual abuse in childhood but these two models have not been jointly tested in individuals with DID in an empirical manner.
The Psychobiology of Authentic and Simulated Dissociative Personality States: The Full Monty
TLDR
New and extended data analyses of a previously published H215O positron emission tomography imaging study of dissociative identity disorder offer important new supporting data for the trauma model of DID.
An Eye for an I: A 35-Year-Old Woman With Fluctuating Oculomotor Deficits and Dissociative Identity Disorder
TLDR
Differences in visual acuity, frequency of pendular nystagmus, and handedness were observed in this patient both when the alter personalities appeared spontaneously and when elicited under hypnosis, and whether prevailing treatment recommendations for DID patients could possibly be modified to ameliorate such visual and neurologic symptoms.
Cognitive and emotional processing associated with borderline personality disorder
The diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD) highlight difficulties with interpersonal relations. However, this interpersonal difficulty reports to exist largely with individuals…
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References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 83 REFERENCES
Three controversies about dissociative identity disorder
Three controversies about Dissociative Identity Disorder are discussed. First, is DID an artefact due to iatrogenic influences? The empirical evidence does not support such a conclusion, although…
The sociocognitive model of dissociative identity disorder: a reexamination of the evidence.
TLDR
The author reexamines the evidence for the sociocognitive model of dissociative identity disorder and concludes that it is based on numerous false assumptions about the psychopathology, assessment, and treatment of DID.
The Persistence of Folly: A Critical Examination of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Part I. The Excesses of an Improbable Concept
  • A. Piper, H. Merskey
  • Medicine, Psychology
    Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie
  • 2004
TLDR
There is no proof for the claim that DID results from childhood trauma and the condition cannot be reliably diagnosed, and it is best understood as a culture-bound and often iatrogenic condition.
The Persistence of Folly: Critical Examination of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Part II. The Defence and Decline of Multiple Personality or Dissociative Identity Disorder
  • A. Piper, H. Merskey
  • Psychology
    Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie
  • 2004
TLDR
Because the diagnosis is unreliable, it is believed that US and Canadian courts cannot responsibly accept testimony in favour of DID and a guess is made about the condition's status over the next 10 years.
Degree of Somatoform and Psychological Dissociation in Dissociative Disorder Is Correlated with Reported Trauma
TLDR
Pathological dissociation was best predicted by early onset of reported intense, chronic and multiple traumatization, and physical and sexual trauma predicted somatoform dissociation, and psychological Dissociation predicted psychological dissociation.
An examination of the diagnostic validity of dissociative identity disorder.
Becoming one person: living with dissociative identity disorder.
TLDR
Historical and contemporary issues surrounding this particular mental health problem are clarified both through examining the literature and through narrative of the person's experience.
Psychobiological Characteristics of Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Symptom Provocation Study
Reply: The Persistence of Folly: A Critical Examination of Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dear Editor: This letter is in reply to Dr Piper's and Dr Merskey 's 2 papers on the "folly" of the concept of dissociative identity disorder (DID) (1,2). Psychiatrists are, of course, entitled to…
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of personality switches in a woman with dissociative identity disorder.
TLDR
A volumetric study of the hippocampus in a patient with comorbid DID and PTSD for comparison with the literature on PTSD, and the results have been inconsistent and often mixed.
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