Could spaceflight‐associated immune system weakening preclude the expansion of human presence beyond Earth's orbit?

@article{Guguinou2009CouldSI,
  title={Could spaceflight‐associated immune system weakening preclude the expansion of human presence beyond Earth's orbit?},
  author={Nathan Gu{\'e}guinou and C{\'e}cile Huin-Schohn and Matthieu Bascove and J L Bueb and Eric J. Tschirhart and Christine Legrand-Frossi and Jean-Pol Frippiat},
  journal={Journal of Leukocyte Biology},
  year={2009},
  volume={86}
}
This year, we celebrate the 40th birthday of the first landing of humans on the moon. By 2020, astronauts should return to the lunar surface and establish an outpost there that will provide a technical basis for future manned missions to Mars. This paper summarizes major constraints associated with a trip to Mars, presents immunological hazards associated with this type of mission, and shows that our current understanding of the immunosuppressive effects of spaceflight is limited. Weakening of… Expand
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The Immune System in Space: Are We Prepared? Conclusions, Outlook, and Recommendations
TLDR
Serious concerns arose whether spaceflight-associated immune system weakening ultimately precludes the expansion of human presence beyond Earth's orbit. Expand
Spaceflight-Associated Immune System Modifications
TLDR
This work will review how spaceflight affects immune cell development, innate as well as adaptive immunity, required to ensure an efficient protection of the host, with a particular focus on T and B cells. Expand
Space Exploration and Travel, Future Technologies for Inflight Monitoring and Diagnostics
TLDR
The effects of spaceflight on the immune system and microorganisms are reviewed, Earth-based models used to study the effects of such harsh environment are described, and some high-throughput “omics” technologies that are sufficiently developed to be ready for deployment and use soon onboard a spacecraft are described. Expand
The Immune System in Space and Space-Like Conditions: From the Human Study Perspective
TLDR
It has been around 50 years since the first moon landing of humans, and the next goal for space exploration is manned interplanetary mission to Mars, and recent investigations on crew members of long-duration space missions have revealed the potential development of the immune dysfunctions into two directions: immune hyperactivity and immune hyporeactivity. Expand
Immune System Dysregulation During Spaceflight: Potential Countermeasures for Deep Space Exploration Missions
TLDR
relevant in-place operational countermeasures onboard ISS are reviewed and a myriad of potential immune countermeasures for exploration missions are discussed, including nutritional supplementation and functional foods, exercise and immunity, pharmacological options, and vaccination to mitigate herpes (and possibly other) virus risks are discussed. Expand
Terrestrial stress analogs for spaceflight associated immune system dysregulation
TLDR
The array of terrestrial analogs for spaceflight immune dysregulation, the current evidence base for each, and the analog catalog in the context of acute and chronic stress are characterized are characterized. Expand
Immune system dysregulation during spaceflight: clinical risk for exploration‐class missions
TLDR
It cannot yet be firmly concluded that a clinical risk related to immune dysregulation actually exists for exploration-class spaceflight, but firm conclusions about clinical risk for humans minimally require in-flight human data collected during long-duration spaceflight. Expand
Towards human exploration of space: The THESEUS review series on immunology research priorities
TLDR
Experts working in the field of space immunology, and related disciplines, provided several recommendations such as a maximal exploitation of currently available resources on Earth and in space, and to increase increments duration for some ISS crew members to 12 months or longer to contribute to improve knowledge about spaceflight effects on the immune system. Expand
NK cell function is impaired during long-duration spaceflight.
TLDR
It is reported thatNK cell function is impaired in astronauts during an ~6-mo orbital space mission compared with preflight levels and ground-based controls, and this is the first study to report impaired NK cell function during long-duration space travel. Expand
How does spaceflight affect the acquired immune system?
The impact of spaceflight on the immune system has been investigated extensively during spaceflight missions and in model experiments conducted on Earth. Data suggest that the spaceflight environment… Expand
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