Convection Plumes in the Lower Mantle
@article{Morgan1971ConvectionPI, title={Convection Plumes in the Lower Mantle}, author={Wayne J. Morgan}, journal={Nature}, year={1971}, volume={230}, pages={42-43} }
THE concept of crustal plate motion over mantle hotspots has been advanced1 to explain the origin of the Hawaiian and other island chains and the origin of the Walvis, Iceland-Farroe and other aseismic ridges. More recently the pattern of the aseismic ridges has been used in formulating continental reconstructions2. I have shown3 that the Hawaiian-Emperor, Tuamotu-Line and Austral-Gilbert-Marshall island chains can be generated by the motion of a rigid Pacific plate rotating over three fixed…
2,243 Citations
Deep Mantle Convection Plumes and Plate Motions
- Geology
- 1972
Evidence shows that volcanic island chains and aseismic ridges are formed by plate motion over fixed-mantle "hot-spots" (Iceland, Hawaii, Galapagos, etc.) and new arguments link these hot-spots with…
Pacific plate motion change caused the Hawaiian-Emperor Bend
- GeologyNature communications
- 2017
It is demonstrated that southward hotspot drift cannot be a sole or dominant mechanism for formation of the Hawaiian-Emperor Bend (HEB), which cannot be explained without invoking a prominent change in the direction of Pacific plate motion around 47 Ma.
Genesis of the Iceland melt anomaly by plate tectonic processes
- Geology
- 2005
Iceland is the best studied, large-volume, active volcanic region in the world. It features the largest subaerial exposure of any hotspot at a spreading ridge, and it is conventionally attributed to…
The Emperor Seamounts: Southward Motion of the Hawaiian Hotspot Plume in Earth's Mantle
- GeologyScience
- 2003
P paleomagnetic and radiometric age data from samples recovered by ocean drilling define an age-progressive paleolatitude history, indicating that the Emperor Seamount trend was principally formed by the rapid motion of the Hawaiian hotspot plume during Late Cretaceous to early-Tertiary times.
Absolute plate motion, mantle flow, and volcanism at the boundary between the Pacific and Indian Ocean mantle domains since 90 Ma
- Geology
- 2013
The Tasman Sea and the southeastern Indian Ocean are situated at the interface between the Indian and Pacific oceans mantle domains. Even though the present location of the boundary between these two…
Mantle Plumes
- GeologyEncyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics
- 2020
Plate tectonics provides a framework for interpreting volcanism at plate boundaries, namely along spreading ridges (divergent boundaries) and subduction zones (convergent boundaries). However, it…
A rapid burst in hotspot motion through the interaction of tectonics and deep mantle flow
- Geology, Environmental ScienceNature
- 2016
Palaeogeographically constrained numerical models of thermochemical convection are presented and it is demonstrated that flow in the deep lower mantle under the north Pacific was anomalously vigorous between 100 million years ago and 50 millions years ago as a consequence of long-lasting subduction systems, unlike those in the south Pacific.
MOTION AND GEOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY OF THE HAWAIIAN HOTSPOT 1
- Geology
- 2006
The bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor volcanic chain is an often-cited example of a change in plate motion with respect to a stationary hotspot. Growing evidence, however, suggests that the bend might…
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