Control and Monitoring of Fetal Growth

@article{Prior2019ControlAM,
  title={Control and Monitoring of Fetal Growth},
  author={Tomas Prior and Christoph C. Lees},
  journal={Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases},
  year={2019}
}
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Pathogenesis and Prevention of Fetal and Neonatal Brain Injury
TLDR
The literature reviewed here explains the mechanisms and timing of injury, and the importance of hypoxia, ischemia, hypotension and infection; describes current diagnostic strategies, neuroimaging technologies and care entities available; and outlines approaches that can be used to prevent or mitigate brain injury.

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 41 REFERENCES
Perinatal morbidity and mortality in early‐onset fetal growth restriction: cohort outcomes of the trial of randomized umbilical and fetal flow in Europe (TRUFFLE)
  • C. Lees, N. Marlow, H. Wolf
  • Medicine
    Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • 2013
TLDR
Perinatal morbidity and mortality following early‐onset fetal growth restriction based on time of antenatal diagnosis and delivery is described.
Severely impaired fetal growth is preceded by maternal hemodynamic maladaptation in very early pregnancy
Objective. To test the hypothesis that in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) maternal cardiovascular adaptation is already abnormal in the first weeks of pregnancy.
Hormonal regulation of fetal growth.
TLDR
The regulation of fetal growth is complex and poorly known, and it is therefore important to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating placental development and endocrine functions.
Endocrine Regulation of Feto-Placental Growth
TLDR
The role of hormones is examined with particular emphasis on insulin, the insulin-like growth factors and glucocorticoids, which have a central role in programming development in utero and in determining the phenotypic outcome of changes in feto-placental growth during adverse intrauterine conditions.
The Importance of Venous Doppler Velocimetry for Evaluation of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
  • A. Kaponis, Takashi Harada, T. Harada
  • Medicine, Biology
    Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
  • 2011
TLDR
A critical overview of the current knowledge on fetal venous blood flow in pregnancies complicated by in‐trauterine growth‐restricted fetuses is given and normal and abnormal venous Doppler waveforms are presented.
Endocrine mechanisms of intrauterine programming.
TLDR
Endocrine changes may be both the cause and the consequence of intrauterine programming and permanently reset endocrine systems, such as the somatotrophic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes, which, in turn, may contribute to the pathogenesis of adult disease.
Hormonal Regulation of Fetal Growth
TLDR
Given the high incidence of intrauterine growth retardation and the high risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications in later life, further clinical and basic research is needed to develop accurate early diagnosis of aberrant fetal growth and novel therapeutic strategies.
Is obstetric and neonatal outcome worse in fetuses who fail to reach their own growth potential?
TLDR
To determine the perinatal outcome of fetuses who had birthweights less than that expected from early third trimester ultrasound scanning, a large number of them had babies born with low birthweights.
Does antenatal identification of small‐for‐gestational age fetuses significantly improve their outcome?
  • P. Lindqvist, J. Molin
  • Medicine
    Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • 2005
TLDR
This work aimed to determine whether the recognition of SGA antepartum improves fetal outcome, and structured model for the identification and follow‐up of S GA pregnancies.
The World Health Organization Fetal Growth Charts: A Multinational Longitudinal Study of Ultrasound Biometric Measurements and Estimated Fetal Weight
TLDR
There was asymmetric distribution of growth of EFW: a slightly wider distribution among the lower percentiles during early weeks shifted to a notably expanded distribution of the higher percentiles in late pregnancy.
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