Constitutive expression of phVEGF165 after intramuscular gene transfer promotes collateral vessel development in patients with critical limb ischemia.

@article{Baumgartner1998ConstitutiveEO,
  title={Constitutive expression of phVEGF165 after intramuscular gene transfer promotes collateral vessel development in patients with critical limb ischemia.},
  author={Iris Baumgartner and Ann Pieczek and Orit Manor and Richard Blair and Marianne Kearney and Kenneth Walsh and Jeffrey M. Isner},
  journal={Circulation},
  year={1998},
  volume={97 12},
  pages={
          1114-23
        }
}
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies have indicated that angiogenic growth factors can stimulate the development of collateral arteries, a concept called "therapeutic angiogenesis." The objectives of this phase 1 clinical trial were (1) to document the safety and feasibility of intramuscular gene transfer by use of naked plasmid DNA encoding an endothelial cell mitogen and (2) to analyze potential therapeutic benefits in patients with critical limb ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Gene transfer was… 
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Myocardial angiogenesis induced by plasmid VEGF-A165 gene transfer : Experimental and clinical studies
TLDR
It is suggested that positive therapeutic effects can be achieved by angiogenic myocardial gene therapy using plasmid vectors using VEGF-A165 or a reporter gene injected directly into rat hearts via a minithoracotomy as sole therapy.
Therapeutic angiogenesis following intramuscular gene transfer of vascular endothelialgrowth factor 121 in a dog model of hindlimb ischemia
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The results suggest that intramuscular gene transfer of VEGF 121 may promote therapeutic angiogenesis in critical limb vascular insufficiency.
Phase I/IIa Clinical Trial of Therapeutic Angiogenesis Using Hepatocyte Growth Factor Gene Transfer to Treat Critical Limb Ischemia
TLDR
Intramuscular injection of naked HGF plasmid is safe and feasible and can achieve successful improvement of ischemic limbs as sole therapy in patients with critical limb ischemia.
Constitutive expression of phVEGF165 after intramuscular gene transfer promotes collateral vessel development in patients with critical limb ischemia.
TLDR
A significant advance in angiogenic gene therapy was reported by a significant rise in ankle-brachial index, newly visible collateral blood vessels on the contrast angiogram, healing of the patients’ former ulcers, and improvement in pain-free walking time.
Induction of angiogenesis by cationic lipid-mediated VEGF165 gene transfer in the rabbit ischemic hindlimb model.
TLDR
Intramuscular administration of a single dose of plasmid-liposomes encoding for VEGF(165) accelerates angiogenesis and increases blood flow in the rabbit hindlimb ischemic model and could be recommended for further testing for use in therapeuticAngiogenesis.
Adenovirus-mediated VEGF(121) gene transfer stimulates angiogenesis in normoperfused skeletal muscle and preserves tissue perfusion after induction of ischemia.
TLDR
IM administration of AdCMV.VEGF(121) stimulates angiogenesis in normoperfused skeletal muscles, and the newly formed vessels preserve TP after induction of ischemia.
Therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic limbs.
TLDR
The authors emphasize that this is the first medical therapy to achieve an increase in limb perfusion that is equivalent to or greater than successful surgical or percutaneous intervention.
Gene transfer for therapeutic vascular growth in myocardial and peripheral ischemia.
Intramuscular vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy in patients with chronic critical leg ischemia.
Angiogenesis and Gene Therapy
TLDR
The feasibility of using recombinant formulations of angiogenic growth factors to augment collateral artery development by stimulation of capillary growth in animal models of myocardial and hind limb ischemia has been well established and this novel strategy for the treatment of vascular insufficiency has been termed therapeutic angiogenesis.
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References

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TLDR
It is suggested that site-specific arterial gene transfer of VEGF165 may achieve physiologically meaningful therapeutic modulation of vascular insufficiency.
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TLDR
IM transfection of genes encoding angiogenic cytokines, particularly those that are naturally secreted by intact cells, may constitute an alternative treatment strategy for patients with extensive peripheral vascular disease in whom the use of intravascular catheter-based gene transfer is compromised and/or prohibited.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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