Consensus statement on the diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency

@article{Husebye2014ConsensusSO,
  title={Consensus statement on the diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency},
  author={E. S. N. Husebye and Bruno Allolio and Wiebke Arlt and Klaus Badenhoop and Sophie Bensing and C. Betterle and Alberto Falorni and Earn H. Gan and Al Hulting and Anna A. Kasperlik-Załuska and Olle K{\"a}mpe and Kristian L{\o}v{\aa}s and Gesine Meyer and Scott Pearce},
  journal={Journal of Internal Medicine},
  year={2014},
  volume={275},
  pages={104 - 115}
}
Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), or Addison's disease, is a rare, potentially deadly, but treatable disease. Most cases of PAI are caused by autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex. Consequently, patients with PAI are at higher risk of developing other autoimmune diseases. The diagnosis of PAI is often delayed by many months, and most patients present with symptoms of acute adrenal insufficiency. Because PAI is rare, even medical specialists in this therapeutic area rarely manage more… 
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297 Citations

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Epidemiology, quality of life and complications of primary adrenal insufficiency: a review.

TLDR
The reviewed studies indicate increased mortality, especially evident in patients diagnosed with PAI at a young age and in patients with the rare disease autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1, which implies the need to improve the therapy and care of patients withPAI.

Update on diagnosis and management of primary adrenal insufficiency in children

TLDR
The various etiologies of PAI can be grouped into three categories as impaired steroidogenesis, adrenal dysgenesis and adrenal destruction, and the genetic forms are more common.

Is Adrenal Insufficiency a Rare Disease?

TLDR
Important risk groups for central AI are patients with tumours in the hypothalamic-pituitary region, moderate-to-severe traumatic head injury and patients who receive cranial radiotherapy or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 blockade treatment, and Structured endocrine follow-up is essential in these groups.

Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of Addison’s disease in adults

TLDR
Standard care treatments including the management of patients during pregnancy and adrenal crises consistent with the recent consensus statement of the European Consortium and the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline are described.

Management of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: Review of Current Clinical Practice in a Developed and a Developing Country

TLDR
The challenges from both developed and developing country's perspective in treating PAI are highlighted and an update on current management scenario and future treatment options is provided.

The natural history of autoimmune Addison’s disease with a non-classical presentation: a case report and review of literature

TLDR
A 19-year-old female with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis who underwent an autoantibody screening due to having the personal and family history of other autoimmune diseases in the absence of relevant clinical manifestations was described, consistent with a subclinical AAD presenting with first impairments in pars fasciculata and reticularis and conserved pars glomerulosa function.

High incidence of adrenal crisis in educated patients with chronic adrenal insufficiency: a prospective study.

TLDR
Even in educated patients with chronic adrenal insufficiency, AC occurs in a substantial proportion of cases, and the identified AC-associated mortality in approximately 6% of AC.

Addison's disease: identification and management in primary care.

Addison’s disease (AD), also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is a deficiency of glucocorticosteroids and mineral corticosteroids.1 This can result in an insidious, protracted presentation.…

Clinical Unmet Needs in the Treatment of Adrenal Crisis: Importance of the Patient’s Perspective

TLDR
An overview of different clinical aspects of adrenal crisis is given, and challenges and unmet needs in the management of AI and the adrenalrisis are discussed from both the doctor’s and patient’'s perspective.

Adrenal insufficiency: physiology, clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges.

...

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TLDR
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