• DOI:10.1080/13537119708428495
• Corpus ID: 144562711

Condemned to rootlessness: The loyalist origins of Canada's identity crisis

@article{Kaufmann1997CondemnedTR,
  title={Condemned to rootlessness: The loyalist origins of Canada's identity crisis},
  author={Eric Kaufmann},
  journal={Nationalism and Ethnic Politics},
  year={1997},
  volume={3},
  pages={110-136}
}

• Eric Kaufmann
• Published 1 March 1997
• Political Science
• Nationalism and Ethnic Politics

Few observers have sought to explain why French Canadians, Metis and even Anglo‐Americans developed a sense of indigenous ethnicity while English‐Canadians failed to do the same. Fewer still have sought to connect this to the national ‘identity crisis’ often mentioned in the discourse of English‐speaking Canada. This article asserts that English Canada's perception of a ‘Canadian’ identity crisis is really an English‐Canadian one which has its roots in English Canada's Loyalist ethnic core. In contrast to most nations, English Canada never developed an indigenous ethnic core. Instead, its ‘non‐ethnic’ identity, from its Loyalist beginnings, remained split. On one side was a repressed American folk culture, which outsiders used to recognize the English‐Canadians. On the other was an exalted set of British myths, symbols and narratives, to which English‐Canadians attached themselves. The pattern of English‐Canadian cultural history is therefore unsurprising: it involves a tension between American and Britis...