Computation is just interpretable symbol manipulation; cognition isn't
@article{Harnad2004ComputationIJ, title={Computation is just interpretable symbol manipulation; cognition isn't}, author={Stevan Harnad}, journal={Minds and Machines}, year={2004}, volume={4}, pages={379-390} }
Computation is interpretable symbol manipulation. Symbols are objects that are manipulated on the basis of rules operating only on theirshapes, which are arbitrary in relation to what they can be interpreted as meaning. Even if one accepts the Church/Turing Thesis that computation is unique, universal and very near omnipotent, not everything is a computer, because not everything can be given a systematic interpretation; and certainly everything can't be givenevery systematic interpretation. But…
41 Citations
Semantics and symbol grounding in Turing machine processes
- Computer ScienceSemina Scientiarum
- 2018
The aim of the paper is to present the underlying reason of the unsolved symbol grounding problem, which states that a physical problem can be solved by a Turing machine, but machine operations neglect the semantic relationship between symbols and their meaning.
THE COMPUTATIONAL STANCE IS UNFIT FOR CONSCIOUSNESS
- Philosophy
- 2012
It is argued that computation is no more than the ascription of an abstract model to a series of states and dynamic transitions in a physical agent, and is akin to center of masses and other epistemic shortcuts that are insufficient to be the underpinnings of a baffling-yet-physical phenomenon like consciousness.
Turing Indistinguishability and the Blind Watchmaker
- Psychology, Biology
- 2002
It is as sensible to seek a Darwinian rather than a cognitive explanation for most of the authors' current behavior as it is to seeking a cosmological rather than an engineering explanation of an automobile's behavior.
From Ockham to Turing – and Back Again
- Philosophy
- 2017
It is argued that the Turing formalism provides no support for FSC over an alternative semantically permeated approach, on which many core mental computations are composed from inherently representational elements.
Artificial Consciousness
- Biology
- 2007
Artificial consciousness, sometimes labeled as machine consciousness, is the attempt to model and implement those aspects of human cognition which are identified with the often elusive and…
ON THE STATUS OF COMPUTATIONALISM AS A LAW OF NATURE
- Philosophy
- 2011
The result is that COMP is false, with certainty in one very specific, critical place, which lends support to the claims that artificial general intelligence will not succeed based on COMP principles, and computationally enacted abstract models of human cognition will never create a mind.
Minds, Brains and Turing
- Psychology
- 2011
Turing set the agenda for (what would eventually be called) the cognitive sciences. He said, essentially, that cognition is as cognition does (or, more accurately, as cognition is capable of doing):…
On More or Less Appropriate Notions of 'Computation'
- Computer ScienceSouth Afr. Comput. J.
- 2018
This paper presents some arguments about which notions of “computation” may be considered “reasonably acceptable” for the authors' own historic era, and emphasizes that every science-philosophical notion has its own long-term historical semantics which cannot be fixed once and forever.
Evolution and Consciousness
- Psychology
- 2010
Many special problems crop up when evolutionary theory turns, quite naturally, to the question of the adaptive value and causal role of consciousness in human and nonhuman organisms. One problem is…
I Propose to Consider the Question, "can Machines Think
- Psychology
- 2006
Turing starts on an equivocation. We know now that what he will go on to consider is not whether or not machines can think, but whether or not machines can do what thinkers like us can do -and if so,…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 32 REFERENCES
Physical Symbol Systems
- Computer ScienceCogn. Sci.
- 1980
In this paper, the nature of physical symbol systems is laid out in ways familiar, but not thereby useless, to review the basis of common understanding between the various disciplines.
Virtual Symposium on Virtual Mind
- PhilosophyMinds and Machines
- 2006
When certain formal symbol systems (e.g., computer programs) are implemented as dynamic physical symbol systems (e.g., when they are run on a computer) their activity can be interpreted at higher…
Other bodies, other minds: A machine incarnation of an old philosophical problem
- PhilosophyMinds and Machines
- 2004
The Total Turing Test (TTT) calls instead for all of the authors' linguistic and robotic capacities; immune to Searle's argument, it suggests how to ground a symbol manipulating system in the capacity to pick out the objects its symbols refer to.
GROUNDING SYMBOLS IN THE ANALOG WORLD WITH NEURAL NETS A Hybrid Model
- Computer Science
- 1993
These questions will be addressed here, in the context of an obstacle that is faced by computationalism (as well as by connectionism if it is either computational or seeks cognitive hegemony on itsown): The symbol grounding problem.
Grounding Symbolic Capacity in Robotic Capacity
- Psychology
- 1995
Depite considerations in favor of symbol grounding, neither pure
connectionism nor pure nonsymbolic robotics can be counted out yet, in
the path to robotic Turing Test. So far only computationalism…
The Church-Turing Thesis : Its Nature and Status
- Philosophy
- 2004
happens next in a Turing machine or a polycellular automation has a strictly local character . Now it is time for me to come down off the fence-on both sides . 1 . I think it conceivable that in…
Minds, Brains, and Programs
- PhilosophyThe Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence
- 1990
Only a machine could think, and only very special kinds of machines, namely brains and machines with internal causal powers equivalent to those of brains, and no program by itself is sufficient for thinking.
What is it like to be a Bat
- Philosophy, Psychology
- 1974
Consciousness is what makes the mind-body problem really intractable. Perhaps that is why current discussions of the problem give it little attention or get it obviously wrong. The recent wave of…
Computation and Cognition Zenon W. Pylyshyn Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books, MIT Press, 1984. Pp. xxiii, 292
- PsychologyDialogue
- 1986
This engaging book, by a prominent psychologist and computer scientist, will be of special interest to philosophers, both because of its focus on foundational issues in cognitive studies and because…
Connecting Object to Symbol in Modeling Cognition
- Psychology
- 1992
In this toy model of the simplest form of categorization performed by neural nets, CP effects arise as a natural side-effect of the way these particular nets accomplish categorization. Whether the CP…