Complex Riboswitches

@article{Breaker2008ComplexR,
  title={Complex Riboswitches},
  author={Ronald R. Breaker},
  journal={Science},
  year={2008},
  volume={319},
  pages={1795 - 1797}
}
Using simple biochemical tricks, metabolite-binding riboswitches take on gene control functions that have long been thought to be the work of protein factors. Although modern riboswitches might be the last holdouts of primitive genetic elements, some are capable of sensory and regulatory feats that are competitive with their protein counterparts. 
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57 Citations
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57 Citations

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Engineering Riboswitches: An Insight to the Cell Ci rcuit
TLDR
This cis-acting elements present at 5' UTR of mRNA regulates gene expression by various mechanisms and can be a promising area for the cutting-edge technology in cell biology as well as biotechnology.
Riboswitch: Ancient living switch for gene regulation
TLDR
Natural as well as synthetic riboswitches hold considerable potential to be the next generation gene control systems to be used in the field of molecular biology and genetic engineering.
Riboswitch-mediated control of gene expression in eukaryotes
TLDR
This work reports splicing control in filamentous fungi, green algae, and higher plants by thiamin pyrophosphate-binding riboswitches, the only class of metabolite-sensing RNAs identified in eukaryotes so far.
The case of the missing allosteric ribozymes
TLDR
This Perspective summarizes the known types of ligand-controlled ribozymes and riboswitches and discusses the reasons why allosteric riboz enzymes formed by fusion of RNA enzymes and RNA aptamers are rare in today’s biological systems.
Design Principles for Riboswitch Function
TLDR
Model results demonstrated that the competition between reversible and irreversible rate constants dictates performance for different regulatory mechanisms, and developed a set of general design principles for synthetic riboswitches.
Bacterial riboswitches and RNA thermometers: Nature and contributions to pathogenesis
Gene regulation by riboswitches with and without negative feedback loop.
Small RNA regulators in bacteria: powerful tools for metabolic engineering and synthetic biology
TLDR
This review describes recent achievements in the identification, characterization, and application of small RNAs and gives particular attention to advances in the design and synthesis of novel sRNAs and riboswitches for metabolic engineering.
Loop-loop interaction in an adenine-sensing riboswitch: a molecular dynamics study.
TLDR
The aptamer domain of the add A-riboswitch in complex with its cognate ligand and in the absence of the ligand is investigated, finding that when the distance between the loops is increased, one of the hairpins showed more flexibility by changing its orientation in the structure, while the other conserved its coaxial arrangement with the rest of the structure.
Engineering ligand-responsive gene-control elements: lessons learned from natural riboswitches
TLDR
The potential for engineered RNAs to regulate gene expression is evaluated and possible paths to designer riboswitches based on currently available technologies are laid out and some technical advances are discussed that would empower RNA engineers who seek to make routine the production of designer ribOSwitches that can function in eukaryotes.
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References

Riboswitch research in the Breaker laboratory is supported by grants from NIH and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute