Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with chronic pain: efficacy, innovations, and directions for research.

@article{Ehde2014CognitivebehavioralTF,
  title={Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with chronic pain: efficacy, innovations, and directions for research.},
  author={Dawn M. Ehde and Tiara M. Dillworth and Judith Axler Turner},
  journal={The American psychologist},
  year={2014},
  volume={69 2},
  pages={
          153-66
        }
}
Over the past three decades, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has become a first-line psychosocial treatment for individuals with chronic pain. Evidence for efficacy in improving pain and pain-related problems across a wide spectrum of chronic pain syndromes has come from multiple randomized controlled trials. CBT has been tailored to, and found beneficial for, special populations with chronic pain, including children and older adults. Innovations in CBT delivery formats (e.g., Web-based… 
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