Coenzyme Q10: Absorption, tissue uptake, metabolism and pharmacokinetics

@article{Bhagavan2006CoenzymeQA,
  title={Coenzyme Q10: Absorption, tissue uptake, metabolism and pharmacokinetics},
  author={Hemmi N. Bhagavan and Raj K. Chopra},
  journal={Free Radical Research},
  year={2006},
  volume={40},
  pages={445 - 453}
}
Available data on the absorption, metabolism and pharmacokinetics of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) are reviewed in this paper. [] Key Result The T(max) is around 6 h, with an elimination half-life of about 33 h. The reference intervals for plasma CoQ10 range from 0.40 to 1.91 micromol/l in healthy adults. With CoQ10 supplements there is reasonable correlation between increase in plasma CoQ10 and ingested dose up to a certain point. Animal data show that CoQ10 in large doses is taken up by all tissues including heart…
View on Taylor & Francis
coq10.co.nz
423 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
33
Background Citations
175
Methods Citations
11
Results Citations
4

423 Citations

Clinical applications of coenzyme Q10.
TLDR
Recent data indicate that CoQ10 affects expression of genes involved in human cell signalling, metabolism and transport and some of the effects of CoQ20 supplementation may be due to this property, which may provide a significant symptomatic benefit.
Bioavailability of coenzyme Q10 supplements depends on carrier lipids and solubilization.
Coenzyme Q10 supplementation – In ageing and disease
Comparative Bioavailability of Different Coenzyme Q10 Formulations in Healthy Elderly Individuals
TLDR
No differences in the redox status of the absorbed coenzyme Q10 were observed between formulations, showing that CoQ10 appeared in the blood mostly as ubiquinol, even if consumed as ubiqu inone.
Coenzyme Q10 effects in neurological diseases.
TLDR
It seems reasonable to recommend CoQ10 as adjunct to conventional therapy in some cases, however, sometimes CoQ 10 supplementations are more efficient in animal models of diseases than in human patients (e.g. Parkinson´s disease).
Therapeutic use of coenzyme Q10 and coenzyme Q10-related compounds and formulations
TLDR
Oral CoQ10 is a viable antioxidant strategy in many diseases, providing a significant to mild symptomatic benefit and Idebenone and MitoQ are promising substitutive Coq10-related drugs which are well tolerated and safe.
Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Oxidized and Reduced Coenzyme Q10 Upon Intravenous Administration
TLDR
It was found that replenishment of the CoQ10 tissue content in individual organs was equally successful despite different total clearances of ubiquinol and ubiquinone, which implied they were equally effective upon intravenous administration.
The Plasma Bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10 Absorbed from the Gut and the Oral Mucosa
TLDR
It is concluded that the intestinal absorption of CoQ10 is highly variable and is independent of the molecular form administered, and liposomes are not an effective vehicle for the oral administration of Coq10, and as such did not improve the oral mucosal/sublingual absorption and bioavailability of the molecule.
Coenzyme Q10: Regulators of Mitochondria and beyond
  • Gopi Marappan
  • Biology
    Apolipoproteins, Triglycerides and Cholesterol
  • 2020
TLDR
The use of CoQ10 in various cardiac and tumor conditions indicates that its activity is not only due to its antioxidant activity but alsodue to its apoptosis property.
Coenzyme Q10 in Equine Serum: Response to Supplementation
...
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 86 REFERENCES
Coenzyme Q10: Absorption, Antioxidative Properties, Determinants, and Plasma Levels
TLDR
Q10 supplementation might, however, decrease plasma lipid peroxidation in vivo, as assessed by the increased proportion of plasma ubiquinol (reduced form, Q10H 2 ) of total Q10, which suggests in vivo regeneration of tocopheryl radicals by Ubiquinol.
Uptake of dietary coenzyme Q supplement is limited in rats.
TLDR
Dietary coenzyme Q10 may play a role primarily in the blood and that no appreciable uptake occurs into tissues, which is in contrast to dietary cholesterol, which down-regulates cholesterol biosynthesis.
Pharmacokinetic study of deuterium-labelled coenzyme Q10 in man.
The pharmacokinetics of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in man was studied by utilizing deuterium-labelled coenzyme Q10 (d5-CoQ10). The absence of an isotope effect in the disposition of d5-CoQ10 in man was…
Coenzyme Q intake elevates the mitochondrial and tissue levels of Coenzyme Q and alpha-tocopherol in young mice.
TLDR
Both total and mitochondrial CoQ concentrations in the heart and skeletal muscle and in the mitochondria of brain of young mice can be augmented by dietary supplementation, and CoQ intake enhances the antioxidative potential of tissues by elevating the endogenous amounts of alpha-tocopherol.
Bioavailability Assessment of Oral Coenzyme Q10 Formulations in Dogs
TLDR
The present investigation demonstrates that soft gelatin capsules containing water-miscible CoQ10 formulations B (Q-Gel®) and C (Nol™) are superior to powder-filled formulations with regard to their biopharmaceutical characteristics.
Clinical laboratory monitoring of coenzyme Q10 use in neurologic and muscular diseases.
TLDR
Q10 has an enviable safety profile and, thus, is ideal to study as an adjunct to more conventional therapy, especially because so many formulations of Q10 exist in the marketplace, each with its own bioavailability characteristics.
Relative bioavailability of coenzyme Q10 formulations in human subjects.
  • R. Chopra, R. Goldman, S. Sinatra, H. Bhagavan
  • Chemistry
    International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition
  • 1998
TLDR
The data from both trials show that Q-Gel, the new solubilized form of CoQ10, is vastly superior to typical commercially available preparations of Co Q10, which means much lower doses of Q- Gel will be required to rapidly reach and maintain adequate blood CoQ 10 values than with any of the other currently available products.
Bioequivalence of coenzyme Q10 from over-the-counter supplements
Similar therapeutic serum levels attained with emulsified and oil-based preparations of coenzyme Q10.
TLDR
Administration of either a soy oil suspension or a complex emulsion of CoQ10 increases serum levels to the therapeutic range within 1 week, and there was no change in any of the serum lipids following the 7 days treatment.
Effects of coenzyme Q(10) administration on its tissue concentrations, mitochondrial oxidant generation, and oxidative stress in the rat.
...
...