Cochlear outer hair cell motility.

@article{Ashmore2008CochlearOH,
  title={Cochlear outer hair cell motility.},
  author={Jonathan F Ashmore},
  journal={Physiological reviews},
  year={2008},
  volume={88 1},
  pages={
          173-210
        }
}
  • J. Ashmore
  • Published 2008
  • Biology, Medicine
  • Physiological reviews
Normal hearing depends on sound amplification within the mammalian cochlea. The amplification, without which the auditory system is effectively deaf, can be traced to the correct functioning of a group of motile sensory hair cells, the outer hair cells of the cochlea. Acting like motor cells, outer hair cells produce forces that are driven by graded changes in membrane potential. The forces depend on the presence of a motor protein in the lateral membrane of the cells. This protein, known as… Expand
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  • Medicine, Chemistry
  • Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
  • 2018
TLDR
Although the tertiary structure of prestin has yet to be determined, results from the presence of its homologs in nonmammalian species suggest a possible conformation in mammalian OHCs, how it can act like a transport protein, and how it may have evolved. Expand
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How ion transport proteins in the hair cells of the mammalian cochlea work to produce a sensitive but stable hearing organ and the relative insensitivity of cochlear gain to short-term changes in the endocochlear potential is discussed. Expand
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TLDR
The results show that the interactions could be either constructive or destructive, which implies that the outer hair cells can either amplify or suppress vibrations in the organ of Corti, suggesting that the cochlear actuators can both amplify and suppress vibrations to enhance co chlear tuning. Expand
Integrating the active process of hair cells with cochlear function
  • A. Hudspeth
  • Physics, Medicine
  • Nature Reviews Neuroscience
  • 2014
TLDR
The auditory system is enhanced by an active process in cochlear hair cells that amplifies acoustic signals several hundred-fold, sharpens frequency selectivity and broadens the ear's dynamic range. Expand
Effects of cochlear loading on the motility of active outer hair cells
TLDR
The results suggest that somatic motility evolved to enhance a preexisting amplifier based on active hair-bundle motility, thus allowing mammals to hear high-frequency sounds. Expand
The Spatial Pattern of Cochlear Amplification
TLDR
It is shown that cochlear amplification produces negative damping that counters the viscous drag impeding traveling waves; targeted photoinactivation locally interrupts this compensation. Expand
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References

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TLDR
It is shown here that outer hair cells selectively take up fructose, at rates high enough to suggest that a sugar transporter may be part of the motor complex. Expand
Fast motility of isolated mammalian auditory sensory cells.
TLDR
It is suggested, that outer hair cells might amplify sound-induced oscillations in the inner ear and thus increase sensitivity and frequency selectivity of hearing. Expand
Prestin is the motor protein of cochlear outer hair cells
TLDR
It is concluded that prestin is the motor protein of the cochlear outer hair cell, which is specifically expressed in outer hair cells that express prestin. Expand
Motility-associated hair-bundle motion in mammalian outer hair cells
TLDR
The OHCs showed bundle movement with peak responses of up to 830 nm, which suggests that the bundle movement originated in somatic motility and that somatic Motility has a central role in cochlear amplification in mammals. Expand
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TLDR
The mechanism underlying the shape changes induced by different stimuli are discussed, and the role of fast and slow motility in the physiology and pathology of auditory transduction is assessed. Expand
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  • Biology, Medicine
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TLDR
It is shown that the cylindrical outer hair cells change their axial stiffness as their membrane potential is altered and this change is accompanied by mechanical reactance changes of the cells. Expand
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TLDR
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TLDR
It is shown here that mechanically induced hair-bundle deflection produces somatic motility of the cell, indicating that the cell may possess capabilities to affect its mechanical environment under control of its own receptor potential and, thereby, participate in a local cochlear feedback process. Expand
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TLDR
Evidence for active hair bundle motion and its connection to MT channel adaptation is summarized and key factors for the hair bundle motor to play a role in the mammalian cochlea include the size and speed of force production. Expand
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TLDR
It is shown that targeted deletion of prestin in mice results in loss of outer hair cell electromotility in vitro and a 40–60 dB loss of cochlear sensitivity in vivo, without disruption of mechano-electrical transduction in outer hair cells. Expand
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