Cocaine addiction: psychology and neurophysiology.

@article{Gawin1991CocaineAP,
  title={Cocaine addiction: psychology and neurophysiology.},
  author={F. Gawin},
  journal={Science},
  year={1991},
  volume={251 5001},
  pages={
          1580-6
        }
}
  • F. Gawin
  • Published 1991
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • Science
Cocaine was considered incapable of producing dependence in 1980 but was recently proclaimed the drug of greatest national health concern. Recent clinical and preclinical investigations demonstrate that cocaine produces unique abuse and withdrawal patterns that differ from those of other major abused drugs and suggest that long-term cocaine abuse produces neurophysiological alterations in specific systems in the central nervous system that regulate the capacity to experience pleasure. It will… Expand
View on PubMed
salud.edomex.gob.mx
719 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
22
Background Citations
243
Methods Citations
2
Results Citations
5

719 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

The Neurobiology of Cocaine
The abuse and addiction potential of cocaine results, at least partly, from its effects on specific neurotransmitter systems of the brain. Recent laboratory research has established that cocaine and… Expand
Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of the Effects of Cocaine in Human and Nonhuman Primates
TLDR
Intense research efforts over the past few decades have resulted in a greatly increased understanding of the neurobiological basis of cocaine’s effects and the adaptations that occur as a result of its chronic use and abuse. Expand
Prenatal Neurochemistry of Cocaine
TLDR
The kinetic characteristics and prenatal ontogeny of cocaine binding sites in rat brain, and synaptosomal uptake of dopamine and the potency of cocaine in inhibiting such uptake during development are investigated. Expand
Neurophysiological effects of cocaine abstinence
TLDR
Using electrophysiological recording procedures in behaving rodents, it is shown that Acb neurons encode information about key aspects of goal-directed behaviors and that cell firing in this region is sensitive to interruption (extinction) of response-reinforcement contingencies involving drug or natural rewards. Expand
Neuropsychological deficits in abstinent cocaine abusers: preliminary findings after two weeks of abstinence.
TLDR
The results suggest that recent cocaine use is associated with impairment in memory, visuospatial abilities, and concentration during the acute phase of withdrawal, independent of withdrawal-related depression. Expand
Neurobehavioral Sequelae of Psychostimulant Abuse.
  • A. Djamshidian
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • International review of neurobiology
  • 2015
TLDR
This chapter will focus on the neurobehavioral consequences of psychostimulant abuse, a group of drugs known not only for its arousal and motor activity enhancing effects but also for its high risk of abuse. Expand
Cocaine: Usage, Misuse, and Addiction Processes. An Overview
Use and abuse of cocaine is a global problem with significant medical, economic, and social costs; yet no effective targeted pharmacological therapies exist. Unlike other drugs of abuse, cocaine… Expand
Animal Models in Addiction Research
TLDR
A number of animal models used in addiction research are reviewed and their relevance and explanatory utility to the different stages of the addiction cycle are discussed. Expand
Electrophysiological correlates of abused drugs
  • S. Deadwyler
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
  • 2010
TLDR
How abused drugs alter neuron firing in reward‐sensitive brain regions and how those alterations effect drug‐seeking activity in animals and humans is explored. Expand
The expanding effects of cocaine: studies in a nonhuman primate model of cocaine self-administration
TLDR
Studies in nonhuman primates provide a way to systematically evaluate the structural and functional adaptations engendered by cocaine self-administration without the confounds of human research. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 37 REFERENCES
New concepts in cocaine addiction: The dopamine depletion hypothesis
TLDR
DA depletion may underlie dysphoric aspects of cocaine abstinence, and cocaine urges, and the psychological approach to these patients is discussed. Expand
Cocaine withdrawal produces behavioral disruptions in rats.
TLDR
The results suggest that sensitive behavioral tests reveal aspects of drug dependence that may account for persistent abuse. Expand
Effects of chronic cocaine abuse on postsynaptic dopamine receptors.
TLDR
It is concluded that postsynaptic dopamine receptor availability decreases with chronic cocaine abuse but may recover after a drug-free interval. Expand
Clinical ratings and plasma HVA during cocaine abstinence
TLDR
Preliminary evidence is provided that changes in cocaine craving during abstinence are positively correlated with changes in dopamine turnover and levels of pHVA increased at the time of heightened craving. Expand
Buprenorphine suppresses cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys.
TLDR
Daily administration of buprenorphine significantly suppressed cocaine self-administration by rhesus monkeys for 30 consecutive days and suggested that bupenorphine would be a useful pharmacotherapy for treatment of cocaine abuse. Expand
Cocaine receptors on dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine.
TLDR
It is shown here that the potencies of cocaine-like drugs in self-administration studies correlate with their potencies in inhibiting [3H]mazindol binding to the dopamine transporters in the rat striatum, but not with theirPotencies in binding to a large number of other presynaptic and postsynaptic binding sites. Expand
Cocaine abuse treatment. Open pilot trial with desipramine and lithium carbonate.
TLDR
Subjects who were treated with desipramine hydrochloride showed marked decreases in a measure of cocaine craving after two to three weeks of treatment and became abstinent regardless of whether an affective disorder was also present. Expand
Treatment of Depression in Chronic Cocaine and Phencyclidine Abuse With Desipramine
TLDR
Subjects who received desipramine showed a decrease in depressive symptoms after a 20–40 day period regardless of whether they abused PCP or cocaine. Expand
Abstinence symptomatology and psychiatric diagnosis in cocaine abusers. Clinical observations.
TLDR
Longitudinal evaluations showed a three-phase sequence of post-cocaine abuse abstinence symptoms, and over half the sample also met criteria for ed 3 DSM-III, axis I psychiatric disorders. Expand
Postcocaine depression and sensitization of brain-stimulation reward: Analysis of reinforcement and performance effects
TLDR
It was suggested that depressed reward-system functioning might reflect reduced dopamine synthesis following cocaine withdrawal, and the ICSS sensitization was related to long-term compensatory changes in dopamine neurotransmission possibly involving presynpatic mechanisms. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
...