Clinical importance of the cytochromes P450

@article{Nebert2002ClinicalIO,
  title={Clinical importance of the cytochromes P450},
  author={Daniel W. Nebert and David W. Russell},
  journal={The Lancet},
  year={2002},
  volume={360},
  pages={1155-1162}
}
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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Monooxygenase Superfamily
Proteomic analysis of cytochromes P450: a mass spectrometry approach.
TLDR
MS provides a convenient method for the identification and quantification of CYP enzymes, and in the present paper the current state of the technology for such an analysis is reviewed.
Cytochromes P450 and drug discovery.
Cytochrome P450 Polymorphisms
TLDR
This chapter summarizes the functional, clinical, and toxicological relevance of human P450 genetic polymorphism, which affects all drug-metabolizing CYPs, but to a very different extent.
Cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug metabolism and chemical toxicology: An introduction
  • L. Furge, F. Guengerich
  • Biology
    Biochemistry and molecular biology education : a bimonthly publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • 2006
TLDR
An introduction to a few of the many aspects of P450 research relating to humans is provided to introduce additional ways of thinking about metabolism and applications to topics widely taught in undergraduate courses in biochemistry are provided.
Human cytochrome P450 enzymes 5–51 as targets of drugs and natural and environmental compounds: mechanisms, induction, and inhibition – toxic effects and benefits
TLDR
This review covers the 22 (of the total of 57) human P450s in Families 5–51 and their substrate selectivity and update and discuss important aspects of each of these 22 P 450s and questions that remain open.
Cytochrome P450s and other enzymes in drug metabolism and toxicity
TLDR
What fraction of drug toxicity actually involves metabolism, and how species and human interindividual variations affect pharmacokinetics and toxicity are considered are considered.
Understanding the mechanism of cytochrome P450 3A4: recent advances and remaining problems.
TLDR
An overview on recent progress and remaining problems in the CYP3A4 research is provided, which shows its extreme promiscuity in substrate specificity and cooperative substrate binding often leads to undesirable drug-drug interactions and toxic side effects.
Mechanisms of cytochrome P450 induction
TLDR
The mechanisms by which CYP3A4, 2B6, and 1A1 are induced involving the activation of the transcription factors pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor will be discussed.
The role of cytochrome P450 enzymes in endogenous signalling pathways and environmental carcinogenesis
TLDR
A two-tiered system to predict an overall inter-individual risk of tumorigenesis based on DNA variants in certain 'early defence' CYP genes, combined with polymorphisms in various downstream target genes is suggested.
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