Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in sport: a systematic review

@article{Gardner2013ChronicTE,
  title={Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in sport: a systematic review},
  author={Andrew J. Gardner and Grant L. Iverson and Paul McCrory},
  journal={British Journal of Sports Medicine},
  year={2013},
  volume={48},
  pages={84 - 90}
}
Objective To provide a critical review of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) by considering the range of clinical presentations, neuropathology and the strength of evidence for CTE as a distinct syndrome. Data sources Seven electronic databases were searched using a combination of MeSH terms and key words to identify relevant articles. Review methods Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select studies for review. Data extracted where present included study population… Expand
View on BMJ
bjsm.bmj.com
165 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
9
Background Citations
39
Methods Citations
1
Results Citations
5

165 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Contact Sports: A Systematic Review of All Reported Pathological Cases
TLDR
It is found that a history of mTBI was the only risk factor consistently associated with CTE, and no relationships between CTE and age of death or abnormal ApoE allele were found, and the incidence of CTE remains unknown due to the lack of large, longitudinal studies. Expand
A Clinical Approach to the Diagnosis of Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Review.
TLDR
This clinical paradigm will provide the framework for a diagnosis of probable, possible, and unlikely traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, with included discussion regarding the minimum exposure, nature of the clinical course, and additional clinical features needed for diagnosis. Expand
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)
TLDR
This chapter will review the posited pathology and emerging clinical presentation of CTE, with discussion of limitations of both and a clinical approach to management in patients where CTE is suspected is outlined. Expand
The Current Status of Research on Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.
TLDR
The current review examines the evidence to date for 4 corresponding clinical syndromes of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome and contributing or complicating factors affecting the neuropathology, neuroimaging, and clinical presentations associated with them. Expand
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Traumatic Brain Injury: Bridging Pathology, Function, and Prognosis
TLDR
The aim of this review is to analyze the current literature on CTE, to juxtapose CTE literature with the more abundant research on mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and to offer recommendations for clinicians working with at-risk patients. Expand
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: How serious a sports problem is it?
TLDR
It is now recognised that there is a spectrum of concussion disorders ranging from acute concussion at one end to various forms of brain degeneration at the other end, which includes chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and it is essential to carefully evaluate the clinical and neuropathological correlations of CTE that have been published. Expand
Clinical subtypes of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: literature review and proposed research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome
TLDR
Proposed research criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) which consist of four variants or subtypes ( TES behavioral/mood variant, TES cognitive variant,TES mixed variant, and TES dementia) as well as classifications of ‘probable CTE’ and ‘possible Cte’ are presented. Expand
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: clinical presentation and in vivo diagnosis.
TLDR
This chapter reviews studies in which clinical manifestation of CTE was examined through retrospective telephone interviews with informants of individuals whose brains were donated and were diagnosed with CTE through neuropathologic examination. Expand
Factors Influencing Clinical Correlates of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE): a Review
TLDR
Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes associated with developmental and demographic factors, and neurodevelopmental disorders should be considered as modifiers predominantly of the clinical outcomes associated with repetitive brain trauma within a broader biopsychosocial framework, though also note potential effects on neuropathological outcomes. Expand
The Neuropathological and Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Critical Examination in Relation to Other Neurodegenerative Diseases.
TLDR
CTE is compared to other well-established neurodegenerative entities including Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies and indicates that CTE is a disease in the earliest stages of formation and has yet to undergo rigorous development and refinement similar to other neurodegenersative diseases. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 105 REFERENCES
What is the evidence for chronic concussion-related changes in retired athletes: behavioural, pathological and clinical outcomes?
TLDR
The potential differential diagnoses that require consideration when retired athletes present with cognitive and psychiatric problems are considered and the interpretation of causation in the modern CTE case studies should proceed cautiously. Expand
The Evidence for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Boxing
TLDR
As medical presence within the sport increases and with modern boxers likely to have shorter careers, a reduced exposure to repetitive head trauma, and improved treatment and understanding of the development of Cte will occur, this should lead to the incidence of CTE diminishing in boxing populations. Expand
Emerging Histomorphologic Phenotypes of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in American Athletes
TLDR
The emerging histomorphologic features of the CTE cohort may specify histologic criteria for CTE diagnosis, may identify emerging histologic variants of CTE and may facilitate more objective surveillance and accurate identification of sentinel CTE cases. Expand
The clinical spectrum of sport-related traumatic brain injury
  • B. Jordan
  • Medicine
  • Nature Reviews Neurology
  • 2013
TLDR
The spectrum of acute and chronic sport-related TBI is discussed, highlighting how examination of athletes involved in high-impact sports has advanced understanding of pathology of brain injury and enabled improvements in detection and diagnosis of sport- related TBI. Expand
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in a National Football League Player: Case report and emerging medicolegal practice questions
TLDR
This 44‐year‐old retired NFL player manifested a premortem history of cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairment, which included in part, chronic depression, suicide attempts, insomnia, paranoia, and impaired memory before he finally committed suicide, with autopsy findings, apolipoprotein E genotype, and brain tissue evidence of chronic brain damage. Expand
Chronic neuropathologies of single and repetitive TBI: substrates of dementia?
TLDR
Little consensus currently exists on specific features of these post-TBI syndromes that might permit their confident clinical and/or pathological diagnosis, and the mechanisms contributing to neurodegeneration following TBI largely remain unknown. Expand
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a potential late effect of sport-related concussive and subconcussive head trauma.
TLDR
The distinctive neuropathologic profile of the disorder lends promise for future research into its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, including formal clinical or pathologic diagnostic criteria for CTE. Expand
Acute and chronic traumatic encephalopathies: pathogenesis and biomarkers
TLDR
The goal of this Review is to provide an overview of the latest understanding of CTE pathophysiology, and to delineate the key issues that are challenging clinical and research communities, such as accurate quantification of the risk of Cte, and development of reliable biomarkers for single-incident TBI and CTE. Expand
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes: Progressive Tauopathy After Repetitive Head Injury
TLDR
This work reviews 48 cases of neuropathologically verified CTE recorded in the literature and document the detailed findings of CTE in 3 professionalathletes, 1 football player and 2 boxers. Expand
Absence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in retired football players with multiple concussions and neurological symptomatology
TLDR
The case studies highlight that not all athletes with history of repeated concussions and neurological symptomology present neuropathological changes of CTE, and support the need for further research into the link between concussion and CTE as well as the need to expand the research to other possible causes of taupathy in athletes. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...