Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis.

@article{Langston1983ChronicPI,
  title={Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis.},
  author={J. Langston and P. Ballard and J. Tetrud and I. Irwin},
  journal={Science},
  year={1983},
  volume={219 4587},
  pages={
          979-80
        }
}
Four persons developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously. Analysis of the substance injected by two of these patients revealed primarily 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) with trace amounts of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxy-piperidine (MPPP). On the basis of the striking parkinsonian features observed in our patients, and additional pathological data from one previously reported case, it is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in… Expand
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References

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Chronic parkinsonism secondary to intravenous injection of meperidine analogues
TLDR
Biogenic amines and metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid and microscopic evaluation of the brain at necropsy were consistent with damage to aminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Expand
APRAXIA OF LID OPENING.
Apraxia of lid opening is a nonparalytic motor abnormality characterized by the patient's difficulty in initiating the act of lid elevation. It differs from paralytic ptosis by being present only… Expand
Piperidine derivatives; 4-arylpiperidines.