Chlorophyll, chlorophyllin and related tetrapyrroles are significant inducers of mammalian phase 2 cytoprotective genes.

@article{Fahey2005ChlorophyllCA,
  title={Chlorophyll, chlorophyllin and related tetrapyrroles are significant inducers of mammalian phase 2 cytoprotective genes.},
  author={Jed W. Fahey and Katherine K. Stephenson and Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova and Patricia A. Egner and Thomas W. Kensler and P. G. Talalay},
  journal={Carcinogenesis},
  year={2005},
  volume={26 7},
  pages={
          1247-55
        }
}
Plant chlorophylls and carotenoids are highly colored, conjugated polyenes that play central roles in photosynthesis. Other porphyrins (tetrapyrroles), such as cytochromes, which are structurally related to chlorophyll, participate in redox reactions in many living systems. An unexpected new property of tetrapyrroles, including tetramethyl coproporphyrin III, tetrabenzoporphine, copper chlorin e4 ethyl ester, and of carotenoids including zeaxanthin and alpha-cryptoxanthin is their ability to… 
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