Chemical Defense in Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones): Do Benzoquinone Secretions Deter Invertebrate and Vertebrate Predators?

@article{Machado2005ChemicalDI,
  title={Chemical Defense in Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones): Do Benzoquinone Secretions Deter Invertebrate and Vertebrate Predators?},
  author={Glauco B. O. Machado and Patricia C. Carrera and Armando Mateus Pomini and Anita J Marsaioli},
  journal={Journal of Chemical Ecology},
  year={2005},
  volume={31},
  pages={2519-2539}
}
Two alkylated 1,4-benzoquinones were identified from the defensive secretion produced by the neotropical harvestman Goniosoma longipes (Gonyleptidae). They were characterized as 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone and 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone. We tested the effectiveness of these benzoquinone secretions against several predator types, including invertebrates and vertebrates. Different predators were exposed to the harvestmen's gland secretion or to distilled water in laboratory bioassays… Expand
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The hypothesis that earwig secretions are multifunctional, serving both to deter predators and sanitize the microenvironment is supported. Expand
The chemical defense in larvae of the earwig Forficula auricularia.
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The results suggest that earwigs use different glands during ontogenesis to produce secretions that play roles in chemical defense against predators such as ants. Expand
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The defensive secretion of the harvestman Camarana flavipalpi (Gonyleptidae) was chemically characterized, revealing the presence of a single, highly volatile component (2-methyl-5-ethyl-phenol).… Expand
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The lines of defense in the harvestman Hoplobunus mexicanus are reported including the complete chemical characterization of defensive secretion, a morphological description of the ozopore, and a… Expand
Effects of Gonyleptidine on the Orb-Web Spider Araneus lathyrinus (Holmberg, 1875)
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The results suggest that, when ingested, the gonyleptidine deteriorates the spider's coordination, similar to the effect of neurotoxic substances, like some pesticides. Expand
Benzoquinone-rich exudates from the harvestman Pachylus paessleri (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae)
TLDR
While dimethyl- and trimethyl-benzoquinones are widespread in scent gland secretions of Gonyleptoidea, 2,5-dimethyl-3-ethyl-1,4- Benzoquinone and 2,ethyl-5-methyl-1-4-benzosquinone are reported for the first time in Opiliones. Expand
The scent gland chemistry of neogoveid cyphophthalmids (Opiliones): an unusual methyljuglone from Metasiro savannahensis
TLDR
The secretions of Metasiro savannahensis Clouse and Wheeler are reported, a first representative of the family Neogoveidae, and a methyljuglone isomer, 6-methyljuglones, amounted for about 20% of the secretion and was eventually identified by synthesis, adding to the repertoire of unusual naphthoquinone compounds across the Cyphophthalmi. Expand
Egg Production Constrains Chemical Defenses in a Neotropical Arachnid
TLDR
It is suggested that egg production is a critical moment in the life of harvestman females, representing perhaps the highest cost of reproduction in the group and safeguarding a primary biological function related to reproduction. Expand
The Scent Glands of the Neotropical Harvestman Discocyrtus pectnifemur: Morphology, Behavior and Chemistry
TLDR
The morphology of the ozopore area, the mode of emission of the defensive secretion, and its chemical composition in the harvestman Discocyrtus pectinifemur are described, and they suggest that the alarm pheromone function in harvestmen may be dependent on ecological factors. Expand
Scent gland chemistry and chemosystematics in harvestmen
TLDR
Deep chemical divergence is evident in secretions from the Laniatores, along with a split of laniatorean secretions into at least two chemically distinct groups: travunioid Insidiatores mainly produce an array of nitrogen-containing compounds, whereas phenol- and benzoquinone-rich secretions are characteristic of grassatorean Lani atores. Expand
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