Checkers Is Solved
@article{Schaeffer2007CheckersIS, title={Checkers Is Solved}, author={Jonathan Schaeffer and Neil Burch and Yngvi Bj{\"o}rnsson and Akihiro Kishimoto and Martin M{\"u}ller and Robert Lake and Paul Lu and Steve Sutphen}, journal={Science}, year={2007}, volume={317}, pages={1518 - 1522} }
The game of checkers has roughly 500 billion billion possible positions (5 × 1020). The task of solving the game, determining the final result in a game with no mistakes made by either player, is daunting. Since 1989, almost continuously, dozens of computers have been working on solving checkers, applying state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques to the proving process. This paper announces that checkers is now solved: Perfect play by both sides leads to a draw. This is the most…
433 Citations
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