# Charge fractionalization in nonchiral Luttinger systems

@article{Hur2008ChargeFI,
title={Charge fractionalization in nonchiral Luttinger systems},
author={Karyn Le Hur and Bertrand I. Halperin and Amir Yacoby},
journal={Annals of Physics},
year={2008},
volume={323},
pages={3037-3058}
}
• Published 5 March 2008
• Physics
• Annals of Physics
One-dimensional metals, such as quantum wires or carbon nanotubes, can carry charge in arbitrary units, smaller or larger than a single electron charge. However, according to Luttinger theory, which describes the low-energy excitations of such systems, when a single electron is injected by tunneling into the middle of such a wire, it will tend to break up into separate charge pulses, moving in opposite directions, which carry definite fractions f and (1-f) of the electron charge, determined by…
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