Causes and Management of Hyponatremia

@article{Palmer2003CausesAM,
  title={Causes and Management of Hyponatremia},
  author={B. Palmer and J. Gates and M. Lader},
  journal={Annals of Pharmacotherapy},
  year={2003},
  volume={37},
  pages={1694 - 1702}
}
OBJECTIVE: To review clinical information on the incidence and causes of hyponatremia (defined as a serum sodium level <130 mEq/L), the most common electrolyte abnormality seen in general hospital patients, and to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia in relation to these factors. DATA SOURCES: Primary sources and review articles were identified via MEDLINE (1981–July 2003) for entries on hyponatremia. We limited the search to specific topics including incidence, risk factors… Expand
View on SAGE
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
129 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
12
Background Citations
59
Results Citations
1

129 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in cancer patients.
TLDR
The orally active, selective AVP receptor 2 (V(2))-receptor antagonist antagonist tolvaptan provides a mechanism-based option for correcting hyponatremia caused by SIADH or other conditions with inappropriate AVP elevations. Expand
Hyponatremia Induced by Drugs
TLDR
Proper diagnostic approach of patients with low serum sodium concentrations should involve a detailed medical history with special attention to the use of culprit medications, and discontinuation of therapy with these agents and avoidance of readministration is fully warranted. Expand
Hyponatremia secondary to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH): therapeutic decision-making in real-life cases
TLDR
Through the use of a variety of real-world cases of patients with hyponatremia secondary to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, this supplement aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges faced in diagnosing and managing hypon atremia. Expand
HYPONATREMIA IN NEUROSURGICAL PATIENTS: CLINICAL GUIDELINES DEVELOPMENT
TLDR
The summarized literature on the evaluation and treatment of hyponatremia was used to develop practice management recommendations for hyponAtremia in the neurosurgical population, however, the practice managementRecommendations relied heavily on expert opinion because of a paucity of class I evidence literature on hypon atremia. Expand
Hyponatremia in Neurologic Patients: Consequences and Approaches to Treatment
TLDR
The optimal treatment of hyponatremia is controversial, but appropriate treatment must be determined according to the osmolality and volume status of the patient. Expand
Clinical management of SIADH
  • P. Gross
  • Medicine
  • Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism
  • 2012
TLDR
Vaptans appear advantageous to patients because there is no need for fluid restriction and the correction of hyponatremia can be achieved comfortably and within a short time, and appear to be beneficial for physicians and staff because of their efficiency and reliability. Expand
Role of tolvaptan in the management of hyponatremia in patients with lung and other cancers: current data and future perspectives
TLDR
A brief review of the epidemiology of hyponatremia and its pathophysiology and diagnostic approaches and of the pharmacokinetics of tolvaptan and its clinical efficacy, safety, and compliance is provided. Expand
Hyponatremia in Hospitalized Patients: The Potential Role of Tolvaptan
TLDR
Tolvaptan is an orally active, selective V2-receptor antagonist that blocks the effects of arginine vasopressin in the renal collecting duct to promote aquaresis without increasing sodium or potassium excretion, and increases serum sodium in a controlled manner. Expand
Mechanisms, Risks, and New Treatment Options for Hyponatremia
TLDR
The AVP receptor antagonists are a new class of agents that have been shown to normalize serum [Na+] by promoting aquaresis – the electrolyte-sparing excretion of free water. Expand
A review on hyponatremia associated with SSRIs, reboxetine and venlafaxine
TLDR
Usually SSRI-induced hyponatremia occurs within approximately 30 days and is reported to improve after withdrawal of the drug, and some data suggest that venlafaxine may have a stronger association to hypon atremia than SSRIs. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 75 REFERENCES
Diuretic-induced severe hyponatremia. Review and analysis of 129 reported patients.
TLDR
In the majority of the patients who received thiazides, excess antidiuretic hormone activity, hypokalemia, and excess water intake were accompanying findings which, singly or together, appeared to contribute to the development of hyponatremia. Expand
Evidence-Based Case Reviews: Hyponatremia
TLDR
A 72-year-old woman from a nursing home presents to the emergency department with a change in her mental state over the past few hours, and a regimen of intravenous isotonic sodiumchloride solution is started at a rate of 84 mL per hour in the first 24hours. Expand
Hyponatremia in Acute-Phase Response Syndrome Patients in General Surgical Wards
TLDR
The higher percentage of hyponatremia among APR-positive patients could be attributed to decreased serum albumin levels associated with APR, which could decrease serum sodium levels. Expand
Treatment of severe hyponatremia: conventional and novel aspects.
TLDR
The modalities of treatment of severe hyponatremia have so far consisted of infusions of hypertonic saline plus fluid restriction and vasopressin antagonists, but preliminary experience has already demonstrated their efficiency of inducing a sustained water diuresis and a correction of hypon atremia. Expand
Severe symptomatic hyponatremia: treatment and outcome. A study of 64 cases.
  • R. Sterns
  • Medicine
  • Annals of internal medicine
  • 1987
TLDR
Among 62 patients with 64 episodes of severe hyponatremia, the mortality rate was only 8%, and most deaths were caused by underlying diseases; with a serum sodium concentration of 105 mmol/L or less, the deaths rate was 5%. Expand
Severe hyponatraemia: complications and treatment.
  • S. Ellis
  • Medicine
  • QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
  • 1995
To observe the incidence of complications in severely hyponatraemic hospitalized patients and relate outcome to rate of correction, all patients admitted to a tertiary referral hospital in New York… Expand
Hyponatremia Associated with Carbamazepine and Oxcarbazepine Therapy: A Review
TLDR
Hyponatremia, an electrolyte disturbance usually without clinical significance, may sometimes lead to serious complications when overlooked or not treated appropriately, as well as in rare cases, water intoxication has been reported. Expand
Hyponatremia in intracranial disorders.
TLDR
Treatment with fluid and salt supplementation seems indicated in patients with intracranial disorders who develop hyponatremia and natriuresis, as there is abundant evidence that hypon atremia in intrac Cranial diseases is mostly caused by CSW. Expand
Review of cases of hyponatraemia in the Port Moresby General Hospital between August 1993 and June 1995.
TLDR
Clinical conditions commonly associated with hyponatraemia were diarrhoea and vomiting, renal failure, central nervous system infections and trauma, pulmonary infections, oedematous states (eg, nephrotic syndrome) and diabetes mellitus. Expand
Syndromes of excess antidiuretic hormone release.
TLDR
Careful monitoring of serum sodium during treatment is essential to produce prompt resolution of symptoms while avoiding the development of central pontine myelinolysis. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...