Causal attribution across cultures: Variation and universality.
@article{Choi1999CausalAA, title={Causal attribution across cultures: Variation and universality.}, author={Incheol Choi and Richard E. Nisbett and Ara Norenzayan}, journal={Psychological Bulletin}, year={1999}, volume={125}, pages={47-63} }
Growing cross-cultural evidence suggests that East Asians are less likely to show the correspondence bias, or a preference for explanations of behavior in terms of traits, dispositions, or other internal attributes of the target. The scope of this evidence spans several research paradigms and diverse methodologies. The cultural difference, however, appears not to be caused by an absence of dispositional thinking in East Asian cultures. Indeed, extensive ethnographic and psychological data…
965 Citations
Cultural Variation and Similarities in Cognitive Thinking Styles Versus Judgment Biases: A Review of Environmental Factors and Evolutionary Forces
- Psychology
- 2020
Cultural psychological research has compellingly demonstrated that reliable East-West differences exist in basic cognitive styles: in contrast to the analytic, focal, linear thinking prevalent in the…
Culture, Self-construal and Social Cognition: Evidence from Cross-Cultural and Priming Studies
- Psychology, Sociology
- 2009
Members of different cultures vary in basic social psychological processes, such as value orientation, attitudes, attitude-behavior relations, person perception and attribution of observed behavior.…
Culture and Causal Cognition
- Philosophy
- 2000
East Asian and American causal reasoning differs significantly. East Asians understand behavior in terms of complex interactions between dispositions of the person or other object and contextual…
Culturally based lay beliefs as a tool for understanding intergroup and intercultural relations
- Psychology
- 2012
A cultural task analysis of implicit independence: comparing North America, Western Europe, and East Asia.
- PsychologyJournal of personality and social psychology
- 2009
North Americans are more likely than Western Europeans to exhibit focused attention, experience emotions associated with independence, and associate happiness with personal achievement, according to a new theoretical framework that assigns a key role to cultural tasks.
Current Directions in Psychological Science
- Psychology
- 2009
East Asian and American causal reasoning differs significantly. East Asians understand behavior in terms of complex interactions between dispositions of the person or other object and contextual…
Culture and the construal of agency : Attribution to individual versus group dispositions
- Psychology
- 1999
The authors argue that cultures differ in implicit theories of individuals and groups. North Americans conceive of individual persons as free agents, whereas East Asians conceptualize them as…
Personality: the universal and the culturally specific.
- PsychologyAnnual review of psychology
- 2009
Although people everywhere can conceive of each other in terms of personality traits, people in collectivistic cultures appear to rely on traits to a lesser degree when understanding themselves and others, compared with those from individualistic cultures.
When in Rome Think Like a Roman: Empirical Evidence and Implications of Temporarily Adopting Dialectical Thinking
- Art, Psychology
- 2018
As a result of increasing globalization, people are exposed to an even greater extent to other cultures, making it possible for individuals to assimilate mindsets that are typical of another culture.…
The “Ripple Effect”: cultural differences in subjective perceptions of responsibility
- Psychology
- 2004
Previous research has demonstrated that East Asians make broader causal attributions for behaviors than Westerners. In the current research, it was hypothesized that East Asians would also take…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 166 REFERENCES
Culture and development of everyday social explanation.
- PsychologyJournal of personality and social psychology
- 1984
Evidence suggests that these cross-cultural and developmental differences result from contrasting cultural conceptions of the person acquired over development in the two cultures rather than from cognitive.
Do people believe behaviours are consistent with attitudes? Towards a cultural psychology of attribution processes.
- Psychology
- 1992
In individualistic English-speaking cultures such as Australia, the United Kingdom, or the United States, attitudes and behaviours are often believed to be consistent. By contrast, in the Japanese…
Cultural influences on the development of conceptual differentiation in person description
- Psychology
- 1987
Cultural influences on the development of person/situation and self/other differentiation are examined in a cross-cultural developmental study of person description. Comparison is undertaken of modes…
Implicit Theories Individual Differences in the Likelihood and Meaning of Dispositional Inference
- Psychology, Philosophy
- 1993
In their research, the authors have identified individuals who believe that a particular trait (intelligence, personality, or moral character) is a fixed disposition (entity theorists) and have…
Situational Salience and Cultural Differences in the Correspondence Bias and Actor-Observer Bias
- Psychology
- 1998
Two studies examined the correspondence bias in attitude attributions of Koreans and Americans. Study I employed the classic attitude attribution paradigm of Jones and Harris and found that both…
Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.
- Psychology
- 1991
People in different cultures have strikingly different construals of the self, of others, and of the interdependence of the 2. These construals can influence, and in many cases determine, the very…
Does the Concept of the Person Vary Cross-Culturally?
- Psychology
- 1982
Our concern in this essay is with other people’s conceptions of the person and ideas about the self. Our aim is to interpret a widespread mode of social thought often referred to as concrete,…
How Individualists Interpret Behavior: Idiocentrism and Spontaneous Trait Inference
- Psychology
- 1993
Previous research suggests that people from different cultural backgrounds differ in the extent to which they describe others and explain their behavior in terms of stable dispositions. But little is…
Ethnopsychologies: cultural variations in theories of mind.
- PsychologyPsychological bulletin
- 1998
Several aspects of European American theory of mind with other cultural models, as suggested by experiments and ethnographies, are compared with the purpose of illuminating the degree to which there is variation in folk psychology.