Catestatin in rat RVLM is sympathoexcitatory, increases barosensitivity, and attenuates chemosensitivity and the somatosympathetic reflex.

@article{Gaede2010CatestatinIR,
  title={Catestatin in rat RVLM is sympathoexcitatory, increases barosensitivity, and attenuates chemosensitivity and the somatosympathetic reflex.},
  author={Andrea H. Gaede and Paul M. Pilowsky},
  journal={American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology},
  year={2010},
  volume={299 6},
  pages={
          R1538-45
        }
}
  • A. H. GaedeP. Pilowsky
  • Published 1 December 2010
  • Biology
  • American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
The fundamental role and corollary effects of neuropeptides that govern cardiorespiratory control in the brain stem are poorly understood. One such regulatory peptide, catestatin [Cts, human chromogranin A-(352-372)], noncompetitively inhibits nicotinic-cholinergic-stimulated catecholamine release. Previously, we demonstrated the presence of chromogranin A mRNA in brain stem neurons that are important for the maintenance of arterial pressure. In the present study, using immunofluorescence… 
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Catestatin, a chromogranin A-derived peptide, is sympathoinhibitory and attenuates sympathetic barosensitivity and the chemoreflex in rat CVLM.

  • A. H. GaedeP. Pilowsky
  • Biology
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
  • 2012
The results suggest that catestatin plays an important role in central cardiorespiratory control in urethane-anesthetized, bilaterally vagotomized, artificially ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats.

Catestatin has an unexpected effect on the intrathecal actions of PACAP dramatically reducing blood pressure.

The ability of catestatin pretreatment to enhance barosensitivity and chemosensitivity after PACAP-38 injection supports the hypothesis that catestarin manipulates the intracellular environment within sympathetic neurons in a way that increases responses to PACAP.

Antihypertensive and neuroprotective effects of catestatin in spontaneously hypertensive rats: Interaction with GABAergic transmission in amygdala and brainstem

PACAP causes PAC1/VPAC2 receptor mediated hypertension and sympathoexcitation in normal and hypertensive rats.

PACAP has long-lasting cardiovascular effects, but altered PACAP signaling within the RVLM is not a cause of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), and the role, in vivo, of PACAP on tonic and reflex cardiovascular control is unclear.

Vasostatin I (CgA17–76) vasoconstricts rat splanchnic vascular bed but does not affect central cardiovascular function

Catestatin and orexin-A neuronal signals alter feeding habits in relation to hibernating states

Catestatin and GABAAR related feeding habits rely on dopamine, ghrelin plus leptin neuroreceptor expression variations

PACAP-(6-38) or kynurenate microinjections in the RVLM prevent the development of sympathetic long-term facilitation after acute intermittent hypoxia.

It is found that activation of glutamate but not PACAP receptors is necessary and sufficient to generate sLTF, even in the absence of intermittent hypoxia, which demonstrates that PACAP within the RVLM may contribute to the development of obstructive sleep apnea -induced hypertension.

Endothelium dependent cardiovascular effects of the Chromogranin A-derived peptides Vasostatin-1 and Catestatin.

This review focuses on the recently described signaling pathways activated by VS-1 and CST, giving insights into the mechanisms at the basis of their cardiac negative inotropic action, their vasodilator effects and their cardioprotective role observed in different experimental conditions.

Catestatin (Chromogranin A352–372) and Novel Effects on Mobilization of Fat from Adipose Tissue through Regulation of Adrenergic and Leptin Signaling*

The results implicate CST in a novel pathway that promotes lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation by blocking α-AR signaling as well as by enhancing leptin receptor signaling and improving peripheral leptin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice.

References

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Catestatin attenuates the effects of intrathecal nicotine and isoproterenol

Galanin microinjection into rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat is hypotensive and attenuates sympathetic chemoreflex.

  • S. AbbottP. Pilowsky
  • Biology
    American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
  • 2009
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Neuropeptide Y in the rostral ventrolateral medulla blocks somatosympathetic reflexes in anesthetized rats

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Catestatin (chromogranin A344-364) is a novel cardiosuppressive agent: inhibition of isoproterenol and endothelin signaling in the frog heart.

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