Cardiac physiology and clinical efficacy of dietary fish oil clarified through cellular mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

@article{McLennan2014CardiacPA,
  title={Cardiac physiology and clinical efficacy of dietary fish oil clarified through cellular mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids},
  author={Peter L. McLennan},
  journal={European Journal of Applied Physiology},
  year={2014},
  volume={114},
  pages={1333-1356}
}
  • P. McLennan
  • Published 4 April 2014
  • Biology, Medicine
  • European Journal of Applied Physiology
Reduced cardiac mortality and morbidity have long been observed in association with omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish consumption, without clear physiological explanation. This review seeks to identify mechanisms of action based on evidence: of physiological effects, active components and effective intakes. Fish oil pleiotropic effects reveal actions that are either intrinsic: effects on cardiac… 
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55 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
4
Background Citations
31
Methods Citations
3
Results Citations
1

55 Citations

FISH AND FISH OIL IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
TLDR
This review will suggest recommendation for dietary intake of fish and fish oil as ω-3 supplements for cardiovascular disease risk reduction and examine the limitations of the current data.
Dietary α-Linolenic Acid Counters Cardioprotective Dysfunction in Diabetic Mice: Unconventional PUFA Protection
TLDR
A novel impact of ALA is revealed on cardioprotective dysfunction in T2D mice, unrelated to caveolins/cavins, mitochondrial, or stress kinase modulation, although evidence suggests inflammatory involvement.
Fish Oil for Physical Performance in Athletes
Circulating Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Incident Adverse Events in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Cardiac Arrhythmia Prevention in Ischemia and Reperfusion by Low-Dose Dietary Fish Oil Supplementation in Rats.
TLDR
The efficacy of low-dose fish oil demonstrates biological plausibility for nutritional ω-3 fatty acid-mediated cardioprotection and suggests that effectiveness in human clinical trials may be obscured by failure to exclude fish eaters.
Marine omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids: From mechanisms to clinical implications in heart failure and arrhythmias.
DHA-Rich Fish Oil Increases the Omega-3 Index in Healthy Adults and Slows Resting Heart Rate without Altering Cardiac Autonomic Reflex Modulation.
TLDR
In young healthy adults, dietary achievable doses of ω-3 DHA-rich fish oil exerted a direct slowing effect on resting HR, without compromising the HR response to either dominant sympathetic or parasympathetic modulation.
Nutritional preconditioning by marine omega-3 fatty acids in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A METOCARD-CNIC trial substudy.
Cardiac contractile dysfunction, during and following ischaemia, is attenuated by low-dose dietary fish oil in rats
TLDR
Ischaemia-induced contractile dysfunction in rats is limited from fish oil doses equivalent to regular consumption of fish in the human diet, highlighting plausible and clinically relevant physiological changes that rationalise nutritional conditioning of the heart with DHA for on-going cardioprotection.
Omega-3 Index and Anti-Arrhythmic Potential of Omega-3 PUFAs
TLDR
The purpose of this updated review is to focus on the novel cellular and molecular effects of omega-3 PUFAs, in the context of the mechanisms and factors involved in the development of cardiac arrhythmias; to provide results of the most recent studies on the omega- 3 PUFA anti-arrhythmic efficacy and to discuss the lack of the benefit in relation to omega-2 PUFA status.
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