Cannabis Systematics at the Levels of Family, Genus, and Species
@article{McPartland2018CannabisSA, title={Cannabis Systematics at the Levels of Family, Genus, and Species}, author={John M. McPartland}, journal={Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research}, year={2018}, volume={3}, pages={203 - 212} }
Abstract New concepts are reviewed in Cannabis systematics, including phylogenetics and nomenclature. The family Cannabaceae now includes Cannabis, Humulus, and eight genera formerly in the Celtidaceae. Grouping Cannabis, Humulus, and Celtis actually goes back 250 years. Print fossil of the extinct genus Dorofeevia (=Humularia) reveals that Cannabis lost a sibling perhaps 20 million years ago (mya). Cannabis print fossils are rare (n=3 worldwide), making it difficult to determine when and where…
111 Citations
Cannabis: the plant, its evolution, and its genetics—with an emphasis on Italy
- BiologyRendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali
- 2020
A scoping review of recent literature regarding the phylogenetics of Cannabis, descending the taxonomic ranks of family, genus, species, subspecies, and varieties shows that Italy has been a crossroads of Cannabis fiber-type plant genotypes, between Europe and Asia.
When and How Did Cannabis Reach Europe and the Iberian Peninsula?
- Biology
- 2021
The palynological and archaeological evidence used to date is insufficient for a sound assessment and the development of thorough Iberian databases to address further meta-analysis are essential for more robust conclusions.
Potentials and Challenges of Genomics for Breeding Cannabis Cultivars
- BiologyFrontiers in Plant Science
- 2020
The main advances in the genomic field of this species are resumed and a discriminant and polymorphic panel of SSR markers are provided as a valuable tool for future marker assisted breeding programs.
Born migrators: Historical biogeography of the cosmopolitan family Cannabaceae
- Environmental Science, Biology
- 2019
The Cannabaceae, an angiosperm family distributed in tropical and temperate regions of both the New World and the Old World, is used to explore the role of dispersal in shaping disjunct patterns and species diversification of cosmopolitan plants and the phylogenetic relationships are reconstructed.
Latitudinal Adaptation and Genetic Insights Into the Origins of Cannabis sativa L.
- BiologyFront. Plant Sci.
- 2018
Molecular evidence reveals for the first time that the low latitude haplogroup (Haplogroup L) is the earliest divergent lineage, implying that Cannabis is probably originated in low latitude region.
Historical biogeography of Cannabis in the Iberian Peninsula: palynological evidence
- Environmental SciencebioRxiv
- 2022
The tempo and mode of colonization of the Iberian Peninsula (IP) by Cannabis sativa, its further internal spreading and the potential cultural and environmental factors involved remain unknown. The…
Variation in mtDNA haplotypes suggests a complex history of reproductive strategy in Cannabis sativa
- BiologybioRxiv
- 2020
The results refute the simplest hypothesis that there was a single recent origin of dioecy in a monoecious ancestor and suggest the story of the evolution of dIOecy is likely much more complex.
Systematics and Botanical Characteristics of Industrial Hemp Cannabis Sativa L
- BiologyJournal of Natural Fibers
- 2021
The systematic affiliation of Cannabis has been controversial for many years, but today it is known that they belong to the order Rosales, family Cannabaceae, genus Cannabis, species – C. sativa L., with both industrial hemp and narcotic C. indica.
Mitochondrial genomes do not appear to regulate flowering pattern/reproductive strategy in Cannabis sativa
- BiologyAoB PLANTS
- 2022
No clear evidence that modern reproductive patterns are due to simple cytoplasmic male sterility mutations is found, and it is likely the interaction between nuclear genetic components and the X/Y sex chromosomes that determines reproductive strategy.
The origin of the genus Cannabis
- BiologyGenetic Resources and Crop Evolution
- 2021
The populations were well differentiated by this marker set locating 79% of the variation among populations (AMOVA).By comparison with plastomes from the closest related genus Humulus, haplotype ‘B’ could be identified as haplotype of the common ancestor of both genera.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 114 REFERENCES
Cannabis is indigenous to Europe and cultivation began during the Copper or Bronze age: a probabilistic synthesis of fossil pollen studies
- Environmental Science, GeographyVegetation History and Archaeobotany
- 2018
Examining fossil pollen studies showed C/H pollen consistent with wild-type C. sativa in steppe and dry tundra landscapes throughout Europe during the early Holocene, Late Glacial, and previous glaciations.
Cannabis: From Cultivar to Chemovar II—A Metabolomics Approach to Cannabis Classification
- Biology
- 2016
This study represents the analysis of the widest range of cannabis constituents published to date and indicates the usefulness of a metabolomics approach for chemotaxonomic mapping of cannabis varieties for medical use.
Organelle DNA haplotypes reflect crop-use characteristics and geographic origins of Cannabis sativa.
- BiologyForensic science international
- 2007
Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica versus “Sativa” and “Indica”
- Biology
- 2017
Phytochemical and genetic research supports the separation of “Sativa” and “Indica,” but their nomenclature does not align with formal botanical C. sativa and C. indica based on the protologues of Linnaeus and Lamarck.
Morphological variation of achenes of Cannabis
- Biology
- 1975
It was found that domesticated plants have large achenes which usually lack an adhering, patterned perianth and also lack an elongated base, and it appears that the latter morphological syndrome is adaptive in wild plants.
Leaves and Fruits of Celtis aspera (Newberry) comb. nov. (Celtidaceae) from the Paleocene of North America and Eastern Asia
- GeologyInternational Journal of Plant Sciences
- 2002
Occurrences of C. aspera foliage and endocarps in eastern Russia as well as in the Great Plains region of the United States and Canada indicate that Celtis was already widely distributed in the Paleocene of the Northern Hemisphere, from ca.
Eastern Asian endemic seed plant genera and their paleogeographic history throughout the Northern Hemisphere
- Environmental Science, Geography
- 2009
We review the fossil history of seed plant genera that are now endemic to eastern Asia. Although the majority of eastern Asian endemic genera have no known fossil record at all, 54 genera, or about…
A Multivariate Analysis of Allozyme Variation in 93 Cannabis Accessions from the VIR Germplasm Collection
- Biology
- 2004
The Vavilov Institute in Russia maintains the world's largest collection of Cannabis sativa hemp germplasm through periodic seed regeneration through periodic Seed regeneration, which shows little tendency for the accessions to cluster according to country of origin or their assignment to eco-geographical groups.
CANNABIS: AN EXAMPLE OF TAXONOMIC NEGLECT
- Biology
- 1974
There can be no progress in unravelling the taxonomic complexities in the genus until the biology of the wild populations is investigated, because of the extraordinary plasticity and variability of cultivated cannabis.
An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV
- Biology, Environmental Science
- 2003
A revised and updated classification for the families of the flowering plants is provided and the use of bracketing families that could be included optionally in broader circumscriptions with other related families are expanded.