CRISPR families of the crenarchaeal genus Sulfolobus: bidirectional transcription and dynamic properties

@article{Lillestol2009CRISPRFO,
  title={CRISPR families of the crenarchaeal genus Sulfolobus: bidirectional transcription and dynamic properties},
  author={Reidun K. Lillestol and Shiraz A. Shah and Kim Br{\"u}gger and Peter Redder and Hien Phan and Jan Christiansen and Roger A. Garrett},
  journal={Molecular Microbiology},
  year={2009},
  volume={72}
}
Clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) of Sulfolobus fall into three main families based on their repeats, leader regions, associated cas genes and putative recognition sequences on viruses and plasmids. Spacer sequence matches to different viruses and plasmids of the Sulfolobales revealed some bias particularly for family III CRISPRs. Transcription occurs on both strands of the five repeat‐clusters of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and a repeat‐cluster of the… 
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Re-examine the first successful induction of archaeal spacer acquisition in the laboratory that occurred exclusively for the conjugative plasmid pMGB1 in Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 that was co-infected with the virus SMV1 and identified single spacer sequences specific for each of CRISPR loci C, D and E that occurred in many sequenced clones.
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Seven CRISPR loci in the genome of the crenarchaeon Thermoproteus tenax that include spacers with significant similarity not only to archaeal viruses but also to T. tenax genes are investigated to provide insights into the specialized mechanisms of an archaealing CRISpr/Cas system and allow selective functional analyses of Cas protein complexes in the future.
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TLDR
It is demonstrated here that an unexpectedly high number of mutations are tolerated between the CRISPR-derived guide RNAs (crRNAs) and their target sequences (protospacer) and that they should not merely be perceived as a ‘first-barrier-defence system’ but may be considered to have a broader mechanism that allows host cells to cope with viruses keeping them at reduced levels.
SMV 1 virus-induced CRISPR spacer acquisition from the conjugative plasmid pMGB 1 in Sulfolobus solfataricus
TLDR
Re-examine the first successful induction of archaeal spacer acquisition in the laboratory that occurred exclusively for the conjugative plasmid pMGB1 in Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 and identified single spacer sequences specific for each of CRISPR loci C, D and E that, exceptionally, occurred in many sequenced clones.
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