Bupivacaine injection of eye muscles to treat strabismus

@article{Scott2007BupivacaineIO,
  title={Bupivacaine injection of eye muscles to treat strabismus},
  author={Alan B. Scott and Danielle E Alexander and Joel Miller},
  journal={British Journal of Ophthalmology},
  year={2007},
  volume={91},
  pages={146 - 148}
}
Background: Bupivacaine injected into animal muscles induces a cycle of myotoxicity, degeneration, regeneration and hypertrophy of muscle fibres, without adverse effects on other tissues. This induced hypertrophy can be harnessed to treat strabismus. Methods: Bupivacaine, 4.5 ml of a 0.75% solution, was injected into the right lateral rectus (RLR) muscle of a patient who had diplopia and who showed 14-prism-dioptres oesotropia. Results: RLR paresis persisted for 7 days. Then, the RLR regained… Expand
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Bupivacaine injection of the lateral rectus muscle to treat esotropia.
TLDR
Clinical and laboratory studies are underway to determine optimal dosages, effects in other strabismus conditions, and differential effects of bupivacaine on contractile and elastic muscle components. Expand
Treating strabismus by injecting the agonist muscle with bupivacaine and the antagonist with botulinum toxin.
TLDR
Injections of BUP and BT corrected 7 patients with comitant horizontal strabismus an average of 19.7Delta, about double the correction reported from BUP injection alone. Expand
Bupivacaine and botulinum toxin to treat comitant strabismus.
TLDR
There was an increase of muscle thickness in both botulinum toxin A and bupivacaine injected muscles after 30 days of injection when measured by ultrasonography, and this change was more pronounced on lateral rectus muscles after bupvacaine injection. Expand
Bupivacaine injection combined with recession of antagonist rectus muscle to treat sensory strabismus
TLDR
Bupivacaine injection in the antagonist of a recessed extraocular muscle (EOM) appears to add an effect to the standard dose-response of a muscle recession, and for patients with esotropia, a single MR recession combined with bupvacaine in the LR can produce a successful motor alignment. Expand
Bupivacaine injection remodels extraocular muscles and corrects comitant strabismus.
TLDR
Bupivacaine injection alone or together with botulinum toxin injection in the antagonist muscle improves eye alignment in comitant horizontal strabismus by inducing changes in rectus muscle structure and length. Expand
Bupivacaine Injection for Management of Lagophthalmos Due to Long-Standing Idiopathic Facial Nerve Palsy
TLDR
Bupivacaine injection in the paretic orbicularis oculi muscle improves eyelid closure and lagophthalmos and epiphora in patients with long-standing Bell palsy. Expand
Pharmacologic injection treatment of comitant strabismus.
TLDR
Injection provides a low-cost alternative to incisional strabismus surgery, particularly where it is desirable to minimize surgical anesthesia and avoid extraocular scarring, and over follow-ups as long as 5 years. Expand
Histological changes underlying bupivacaine's effect on extra ocular muscle
TLDR
Extraocular muscle showed increased slow myosin proportion in bupivacaine injected muscles, and Muscle adaptation in untreated EOM was found with increased CSA, to clarify the clinical effects of BUP in extraocular muscle. Expand
Intramuscular Bupivacaine Injection for the Treatment of Oculomotor Paresis.
TLDR
The symptoms of two patients improved and an increase of muscle cross-sectional area was observed, however, it is necessary to be prudent when employing intramuscular bupivacaine in oculomotor paresis treatment until there are more and larger studies. Expand
The effects of bupivacaine injection and oral nitric oxide on extraocular muscle in the rabbit
TLDR
Bupivacaine injection increased the EOM tension in rabbits to some extent and NO augmented the effect of bupivacaines, and the enlargement of the muscle fibers after bupavicaine injection was shown histopathopathically. Expand
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