Broken circadian clocks: a clock gene mutation and entrainment by feeding.

@article{Stephan2003BrokenCC,
  title={Broken circadian clocks: a clock gene mutation and entrainment by feeding.},
  author={Friedrich K. Stephan},
  journal={American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology},
  year={2003},
  volume={285 1},
  pages={
          R32-3
        }
}
  • F. Stephan
  • Published 1 July 2003
  • Biology, Psychology
  • American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
many animals have evolved the ability to anticipate periodic food availability. In mammals, this ability is due to a circadian clock that still functions after ablation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), although such lesions abolish (or severely disrupt) virtually all circadian rhythms in 
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Neurogenetics of food anticipation
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The current knowledge on food anticipation in mice lacking clock genes or feeding‐related genes is reviewed, and the food‐entrainable clockwork in the brain is currently thought to be made of transcriptional loops partly divergent from those described in the light‐entrainedable suprachiasmatic nuclei.
Motor activity rhythms of forced desynchronized rats subjected to restricted feeding
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  • T. Rich
  • Biology
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Data support the hypothesis that a symptom cluster of fatigue, appetite loss, and sleep disruption commonly seen in cancer patients may be related to EGFR ligands, released by the cancer itself or by the host in response to the stress of cancer, and suggest that further examination of their role in the production of symptom clustering is warranted.
Relationship between Self-Reported Dietary Nutrient Intake and Self-Reported Sleep Duration among Japanese Adults
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After controlling for the midpoint of sleep, sleep duration correlated significantly with the dietary intake of specific nutrients and foods in a population of Japanese men.
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Results suggest that consuming a greater proportion of dietary protein may benefit on improving sleep quality in healthy adults, however, findings may be susceptible to reverse causality and additional RCTs are needed.

References

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TLDR
This is the first demonstration that the Clock gene is not necessary for the expression of a circadian, food-entrained behavior and suggests that the FEO is mediated by a molecular mechanism distinct from that of the SCN.
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that feeding cycles can entrain the liver independently of the SCN and the light cycle, and the need to reexamine the mammalian circadian hierarchy is suggested, raising the possibility that peripheral circadian oscillators like those in the liver may be coupled to theSCN primarily through rhythmic behavior, such as feeding.
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TLDR
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The “Other” Circadian System: Food as a Zeitgeber
  • F. Stephan
  • Biology
    Journal of biological rhythms
  • 2002
TLDR
Recent findings concerning the entrainment of clock gene expression in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues by periodic food access are presented, and the implications of these findings for a better understanding of a circadian system that entrains to meals, rather than to light, are discussed.
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TLDR
Evidence is presented that many mammals have a separate circadian clock system that responds to food, rather than to light, as a zeitgeber, which can generate optimal temporal patterns of behavior, including feeding.
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TLDR
Comparison of FAA and Per1 rhythmicity in the digestive system of the Per 1‐luciferase transgenic rat shows results inconsistent with the hypothesis that FAA arises as an output of rhythms in the gastrointestinal (GI) system, and highlights an interesting diversity among peripheral oscillators in their ability to entrain to meals.
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