Bladder Tumors in Rats Fed Cyclohexylamine or High Doses of a Mixture of Cyclamate and Saccharin

@article{Price1970BladderTI,
  title={Bladder Tumors in Rats Fed Cyclohexylamine or High Doses of a Mixture of Cyclamate and Saccharin},
  author={J. M. Price and Claude G. Biava and Bernard L. Oser and Eugene E. Vogin and J Steinfeld and Herbert L. Ley},
  journal={Science},
  year={1970},
  volume={167},
  pages={1131 - 1132}
}
Papillary transitional cell tumors were found in the urinary bladders in 8 rats out of 80 that received 2600 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day of a mixture of sodium cyclamate and sodium saccharin (10:1) for up to 105 weeks. From week 79 on, several of these rats received cyclohexylamine hydrochloride (125 milligrams per kilogram per day, the molecular equivalent of the conversion of about 10 percent of the cyclamate dosage to cyclohexylamine) in addition to the sodium cyclamate… 
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203 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
5
Background Citations
28
Methods Citations
1

203 Citations

A carcinogenicity study of commercial saccharin in the rat.
Syncarcinogenic action of saccharin or sodium cyclamate in the induction of bladder tumours in MNU-pretreated rats.
Long-term toxicity of cyclohexylamine hydrochloride in the rat.
Response of the rat to saccharin with particular reference to the urinary bladder.
TLDR
Results suggest a particular susceptibility of males to saccharin treatment, and the possibility that sacchar in may promote, or enhance, the development of latent tumour cells already present in the experimental population, rather than initiate carcinogenesis per se is considered.
Tumors in male rats fed ethyl chlorophenoxyisobutyrate, a hypolipidemic drug.
TLDR
Although the number of experimental animals was small, none of these tumors were present in 25 controls, and systematic examination of available literature dealing with spontaneous tumors in several thousand rats indicated that the tumors in clofibrate-fed rats were not spontaneous.
Entero-bacterial formation of cyclohexylamine in rats ingesting cyclamate.
TLDR
Neomycin, polymyxin, or gentamicin added to faeces incubations inhibited or blocked cyclohexylamine formation at low doses, suggesting that the micro-organism(s) responsible for the conversion may belong to aerobic, gram-negative species.
Long-term toxicity of sodium cyclamate in mice
Promoting effect of saccharin and DL-tryptophan in urinary bladder carcinogenesis.
TLDR
Saccharin was considerably more potent as a promoting agent than was tryptophan, inducing higher incidences of bladder tumors and having a shorter latent period than was saccharin, who might act as tumor-promoting agents during bladder carcinogenesis.
Production of Urinary Bladder Carcinomas in Mice by Sodium Saccharin
TLDR
Pellets weighing 20 to 24 milligrams and containing 20 percent sodium saccharin suspended in cholesterol were surgically implanted into the urinary bladder lumens of female Swiss mice under ether anesthesia, and the exposure of the mouse bladder to saccharine was very brief.
Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity to the urinary bladder of sodium saccharin in the in utero-exposed rat.
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References

SHOWING 1-4 OF 4 REFERENCES
Conversion of Cyclamate to Cyclohexylamine in Rats
TLDR
The urine of five male laboratory workers for 5 days after each had been given a single dose of 3 g sodium cyclamate was analysed and one of the five subjects was found to excrete 0.8 per cent of the dose of cyclamate which was administered as cyclohexylamine; most of thedose was excreted as free cyclamate.
Toxicological studies with sodium cyclamate and saccharin.
A comparison of the chronic toxicities of synthetic sweetening agents.
TLDR
The results indicate that the synthetic sweetening agents, saccharin, sodium cyclohexyl sulfamate, dulcin, and P-4000 may be divided into a toxic group and a relatively nontoxic group.
Cancer of the Urinary Bladder Induced in Mice with Metabolites of Aromatic Amines and Tryptophan
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