Biophysical aspects of human thermoregulation during heat stress

@article{Cramer2016BiophysicalAO,
  title={Biophysical aspects of human thermoregulation during heat stress},
  author={Matthew N. Cramer and Ollie Jay},
  journal={Autonomic Neuroscience},
  year={2016},
  volume={196},
  pages={3-13}
}
Humans maintain a relatively constant core temperature through the dynamic balance between endogenous heat production and heat dissipation to the surrounding environment. In response to metabolic or environmental disturbances to heat balance, the autonomic nervous system initiates cutaneous vasodilation and eccrine sweating to facilitate higher rates of dry (primarily convection and radiation) and evaporative transfer from the body surface; however, absolute heat losses are ultimately governed… Expand
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Understanding of the mechanisms responsible for impaired thermoregulatory control in HF patients is of particular importance, given the current and projected increase in frequency and intensity of heat waves, as well as the promotion of regular exercise as a therapeutic modality. Expand
Sweating as a heat loss thermoeffector.
TLDR
The role of sweating as a heat loss thermoeffector in humans is reviewed to review the control of sweating can be modified by biophysical factors, heat acclimation, dehydration, and nonthermal factors. Expand
Aging and human heat dissipation during exercise-heat stress: an update and future directions
TLDR
The purpose of this brief review was to synthesize recent research on the independent and interactive effects of age on heat dissipation during exercise-heat stress and highlight areas for further exploration. Expand
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Abstract Background As global warming continues, the incidence of heatstroke due to exposure to high temperature will become more prevalent. Although most heatstroke deaths occur at home, the effect… Expand
Thermoeffector Responses at a Fixed Rate of Heat Production in Heart Failure Patients
TLDR
Findings demonstrate that HF patients exhibit a blunted skin blood flow response, but no differences in sweating, which can be attributed to a less uniform internal distribution of heat between the body core and periphery. Expand
Aging and Thermoregulatory Control: The Clinical Implications of Exercising under Heat Stress in Older Individuals
TLDR
An understanding of the mechanisms responsible for impaired thermoregulation in this population is of particular importance, given the current and projected increase in frequency and intensity of heat waves, as well as the promotion of regular exercise as a means of improving health-related quality of life and morbidity and mortality. Expand
Orderly recruitment of thermoeffectors in resting humans.
TLDR
The hypothesis that changes in skin blood flow, behavior, and sweating or metabolic rate are initiated with increasing changes in mean skin temperature in resting humans is tested and indicates that autonomic and behavioral thermoeffectors are recruited in coordination with one another and likely in an orderly manner relative to the comparative physiological cost. Expand
Are All Heat Loads Created Equal?
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Exercise at a fixed Ereq resulted in similar evaporative heat loss and Tb, however, the Tes, Tsk, HR, and PSI responses varied depending on the relative contribution of metabolic and environmental heat load. Expand
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