Biochemistry of peroxisomes in health and disease

@article{Singh2004BiochemistryOP,
  title={Biochemistry of peroxisomes in health and disease},
  author={Inderjit Singh},
  journal={Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry},
  year={2004},
  volume={167},
  pages={1-29}
}
  • I. Singh
  • Published 1 February 1997
  • Biology, Medicine
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
The ubiquitous distribution of peroxisomes and the identification of a number of inherited diseases associated with peroxisomal dysfunction indicate that peroxisomes play an essential part in cellular metabolism. Some of the most important metabolic functions of peroxisomes include the synthesis of plasmalogens, bile acids, cholesterol and dolichol, and the oxidation of fatty acids (very long chain fatty acids > C22, branched chain fatty acids (e.g. phytanic acid), dicarboxylic acids… 
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[31] Peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and cellular redox
TLDR
The chapter discusses assays for peroxisomal fatty acid β -oxidation, isolation ofPeroxisomes by immunomagnetic sorting, fatty acid α -Oxidation, assay for α - oxidation in suspended cells or cells in cultured monolayers.
Molecular organization of peroxisomal enzymes: protein-protein interactions in the membrane and in the matrix.
TLDR
Observations indicate that L-BFE might help in oligomerization and possibly in the localization of catalase at the site of H2O2 production in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway.
The chemical biology of branched-chain lipid metabolism.
TLDR
This review summarises recent advances and considers the roles and likely mechanisms of the enzymes within the alpha-oxidation pathways, including 3-methyl and 2-methyl branched-chain fatty acids.
Increased peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation and enhanced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α in diabetic rat liver
TLDR
The results suggest that the increased supply of fatty acids to liver in diabetic state stimulates the expression of PPAR-α and its target genes responsible for the metabolism of fatty acid.
Studies on the role of peroxisome proliferators: in liver growth and neurodegenerative disorders
TLDR
This thesis relates to studies undertaken to gain insights into the mechanism of action on liver growth by the peroxisome proliferator (PP) ciprofibrate and the chemical cyproterone acetate (CPA) in rodents.
The Identification of a Succinyl-CoA Thioesterase Suggests a Novel Pathway for Succinate Production in Peroxisomes*
TLDR
The identification of a highly specific succinyl-CoA thioesterase in peroxisomes strongly suggests that peroxISomal β-oxidation of dicarboxylic acids leads to formation of succinate, at least under certain conditions, and that ACOT4 and ACOT8 are responsible for the termination of β-Oxidation ofdicar boxylic amino acids of medium-chain length with the concomitant release of the corresponding free acids.
Impaired peroxisomal function in the central nervous system with inflammatory disease of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animals and protection by lovastatin treatment
TLDR
It is reported that neuroinflammatory disease in brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rats decreased the peroxisomal functions and that inflammatory mediators have a marked negative effect onperoxisome functions and thus on myelin assembly and that these effects can be prevented by treatment with statins.
Hyperpipecolic acidaemia: a diagnostic tool for peroxisomal disorders.
TLDR
For all patients, pipecolic acid proved to be a useful parameter in the biochemical classification of peroxisomal disorders, and hyperpipecolic acidaemia was found also in a child affected by RCDP and in two patients with Refsum disease.
Peroxisomes, cell senescence, and rates of aging.
TLDR
Recent evidence pointing to the organelle as an important regulator of cellular redox balance with potentially far-reaching effects on cell aging and the genesis of human disease is summarized.
Insights into the membrane proteome of rat liver peroxisomes: Microsomal glutathione‐S‐transferase is shared by both subcellular compartments
TLDR
Data suggest that the peroxisomal GST is not a mere ER‐contaminant, but a bona fide protein comprising the membrane proteome of both intracellular compartments.
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References

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TLDR
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  • Biology, Medicine
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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