Benefits of the ballot box for species conservation.

@article{Kroetz2014BenefitsOT,
  title={Benefits of the ballot box for species conservation.},
  author={Kailin Kroetz and James N. Sanchirico and Paul R. Armsworth and H. Spencer Banzhaf},
  journal={Ecology letters},
  year={2014},
  volume={17 3},
  pages={
          294-302
        }
}
Recent estimates reaffirm that conservation funds are insufficient to meet biodiversity conservation goals. Organisations focused on biodiversity conservation therefore need to capitalise on investments that societies make in environmental protection that provide ancillary benefits to biodiversity. Here, we undertake the first assessment of the potential ancillary benefits from the ballot box in the United States, where citizens vote on referenda to conserve lands for reasons that may not… 

Figures and Tables from this paper

Constraints of philanthropy on determining the distribution of biodiversity conservation funding.
TLDR
These results demonstrate how limitations on the ability of conservation organizations to reallocate their funding across space can impede organizational effectiveness and elucidate ways conservation planning tools could be more useful if they quantified and incorporated these constraints.
Factoring economic costs into conservation planning may not improve agreement over priorities for protection
TLDR
It is found that accounting for costs in conservation planning does not enable society to sidestep careful consideration of the ecological goals of conservation, and its impact on reaching agreements varies greatly.
The Ecological Benefits of Protected Areas in California Funded Through Local Direct Democracy
Recent research shows current conservation funding falls short of what is required to meet conservation targets. However, the expansion of conventional funding sources to bridge this shortfall is not
Citizens of local jurisdictions enhance plant community preservation through ballot initiatives and voter-driven conservation efforts
TLDR
Comparing ecological conditions of wooded habitats on local ballot protected sites and on sites protected by a state-level conservation agency found few differences in ecological conditions on each protected area type.
Inclusion of costs in conservation planning depends on limited datasets and hopeful assumptions
  • P. Armsworth
  • Environmental Science
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
  • 2014
TLDR
A critically review the cost estimates on which claims of large efficiency savings when these costs are included are based, focusing on acquisition and management costs associated with terrestrial protected areas.
Improving inferences about private land conservation by accounting for incomplete reporting.
TLDR
Occupancy models improve identification of private land conservation opportunities even with incompletely reported data and highlight the importance of integrating variable and incomplete reporting of participation into empirical analysis of conservation initiatives through an occupancy approach.
Allocating resources for land protection using continuous optimization: biodiversity conservation in the United States.
TLDR
A continuous optimization approach is presented in which a decision-maker allocates funding to regional offices, which is illustrated by examining the relative priority that should be given to different counties in the coterminous United States when acquiring land to establish new protected areas.
A landscape of conservation philanthropy for U.S. land trusts
TLDR
This work used conservation fundraising data, unprecedented in their resolution, to reveal spatial patterns in philanthropic giving to a major land protection organization in the United States and found that education level had greater predictive capacity than income, political views, and other factors often considered important.
Species protection in areas conserved through community-driven direct democracy as compared with a large private land trust in California
Summary Protected area systems include sites preserved by various institutions and mechanisms, but the benefits to biodiversity provided by different types of sites are poorly understood. Protected
...
1
2
3
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 50 REFERENCES
Maximising return on conservation investment in the conterminous USA.
TLDR
This work uses a return-on-investment (ROI) approach to prioritise lands for conservation at the county level in the conterminous USA, and highlights conservation bargains, opportunities to avert the threat of development and places where conservation efforts are currently lacking.
Between-country collaboration and consideration of costs increase conservation planning efficiency in the Mediterranean Basin
TLDR
It is discovered that for vertebrates to achieve similar conservation benefits, one would need substantially more money and area if each country were to act independently as compared to fully coordinated action across the Mediterranean Basin.
Systematic conservation planning
TLDR
A more systematic approach to locating and designing reserves has been evolving and this approach will need to be implemented if a large proportion of today's biodiversity is to exist in a future of increasing numbers of people and their demands on natural resources.
Using return on investment to maximize conservation effectiveness in Argentine grasslands
TLDR
It is shown that the widely endorsed goal of saving some percentage of a country or habitat type, although it may inspire conservation, is a poor operational goal, and given realistic budgets, return on investment is superior to the other conservation strategies.
Biodiversity conservation planning tools
TLDR
This chapter reviews both the concepts and technical choices that underlie the development of various software tools for conservation planning, and evaluates the suitability of different algorithms for their solution.
Evaluating conservation spending for species return: A retrospective analysis in California
Conservation spending in California, USA exceeds conservation expenditures in many countries. To date, there has been no objective method to assess the efficiency of such spending for achieving
Financial Costs of Meeting Global Biodiversity Conservation Targets: Current Spending and Unmet Needs
TLDR
The financial costs for two of the targets relating to protected areas and preventing extinctions are estimated, using data from birds to develop models that can be extrapolated to the costs for biodiversity more broadly.
Maximizing return on investment in conservation
Replacing underperforming protected areas achieves better conservation outcomes
TLDR
It is shown that the conservation performance of a protected area system can be radically improved, without extra expenditure, by replacing a small number of protected areas with new ones that achieve more for conservation.
Integrating economic costs into conservation planning.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...