Bayesian Persuasion

@article{Kamenica2009BayesianP,
  title={Bayesian Persuasion},
  author={Emir Kamenica and Matthew Gentzkow},
  journal={ERN: Behavioral Economics (Topic)},
  year={2009}
}
When is it possible for one person to persuade another to change her action? We take a mechanism design approach to this question. Taking preferences and initial beliefs as given, we introduce the notion of a persuasion mechanism: a game between Sender and Receiver defined by an information structure and a message technology. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a persuasion mechanism that strictly benefits Sender. We characterize the optimal mechanism. Finally, we… 
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1,363 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
208
Background Citations
614
Methods Citations
279
Results Citations
59

1,363 Citations

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This work introduces experimental persuasion between Sender and Receiver and describes optimal persuasion in this baseline regime and in an alternative regime in which Sender can commit to garble the outcome of the experiment.
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  • Economics, Computer Science
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TLDR
A sender-optimal information structure is characterized and it is shown that limiting monetary payments may incentivize the sender to produce more information.
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This paper makes a first attempt at building a theory of interim Bayesian persuasion. I work in a minimalist model where a low or high type sender seeks validation from a receiver who is willing to…
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  • Vasudha Jain
  • Economics, Computer Science
    Economics Letters
  • 2018
Bayesian Persuasion with Costly Messages
TLDR
The value of persuasion is shown to be the Sender's utility under his most preferred equilibrium within the set of equilibria with full information revelation in the given communication game.
Public Persuasion
This short paper studies the problem of public persuasion, that is, when a sender has to persuade multiple receivers, possibly having heterogenous beliefs, with the same information for all. We show…
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We study persuasion mechanisms in linear environments. A privately informed receiver chooses between two actions. A sender designs a persuasion mechanism that can condition the information disclosed…
Bayesian Persuasion and Reciprocity: Theory and Experiment
TLDR
A model that incorporates reciprocity into the Bayesian persuasion setting, using the approach of Falk and Fischbacher, leads to a number of novel predictions, including that the receiver’s response changes continuously in the realized signals.
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References

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TLDR
It is shown that the impact of competition on information revelation is ambiguous in general and a condition is identified that is necessary and sufficient for equilibrium outcomes to be no less informative than the collusive outcome, regardless of preferences.
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An agent advises a principal on selecting one of multiple projects or an outside option. The agent is privately informed about the projects' benefits and shares the principal's preferences except for…
Selling Information
An Agent who owns information that is potentially valuable to a Firm bargains for its sale, without commitment and certification possibilities, short of disclosing it. We propose a model of gradual…
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How much information should a policy maker pass on to an ill-informed citizen? In this paper, we address this classic question of Crawford and Sobel (1982) in a setting in which beliefs impact…
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We consider a persuasion game where multiple experts with potentially conflicting self-interests attempt to persuade a decision-maker, say, a judge. The judge prefers to take an action that is most…
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An individual (the leader) with free access to information decides how much public evidence to collect. Conditional on this information, another individual with conflicting preferences (the follower)…
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A two-person game of information transmission
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